Pass the ASIS Physical Security Professional ASIS-PSP Questions and answers with CertsForce

A successful hybrid security operation integrates both proprietary and contract components effectively. For optimal performance, it should include:

An engaged corporate liaison (A) to ensure communication and alignment with internal needs,

Consistent contract management support (B) for service oversight and accountability,

Accurate quality measurements (C) to monitor effectiveness and performance.

Combining these elements ensures that both internal and contracted personnel function cohesively and according to the organization's goals.

The three primary types of cost estimates used during the implementation of a physical protection system are:

Budgetary: Initial estimate for planning and approval.

Preliminary design: Estimate based on conceptual design.

Final design: Detailed cost based on approved construction documents and specifications.

This staged estimation approach helps refine costs as the design evolves.

Other options mention contingency or maintenance, which are important but not considered one of the three standard estimating stages.

Under the pure comparative negligence approach, a plaintiff can recover damages even if they were primarily responsible for their own injury. For example, if the plaintiff was 90% at fault, they could still recover 10% of the damages from the defendant. This model allows for partial recovery based on proportional fault, regardless of the level of the plaintiff’s responsibility.

50/50 rule and 51 percent rule prevent recovery when the plaintiff is found equally or more at fault.

Screening is the process of identifying the most suitable candidates for a job, factoring in both qualifications (skills and experience) and personal integrity. This may involve background checks, interviews, and reference verification to ensure candidates are reliable and trustworthy.

Vetting (C) is often used interchangeably but generally refers more narrowly to background checks.

Recruitment (B) is the broader process of attracting candidates.

Inspection (A) refers to a physical or procedural review, not personnel selection.

Self-defense is a legal doctrine that allows a person to use reasonable force to protect themselves from harm. The force used must be proportionate to the threat faced—equal to but not exceeding the level of force used against them.

Security (A) and Protection (B) are broader terms.

Precautions (D) are preventive measures, not reactive force.

Record safes are designed primarily to protect documents from fire, not theft. They often lack adequate burglary resistance features. Using record safes for storing valuables such as cash, jewelry, or sensitive items prone to theft is a major security vulnerability. This misapplication can lead to easy compromise during unauthorized access or burglary.

???? References:

ASIS International, Protection of Assets (POA), Chapter: Asset Protection and Safes

ASIS PSP Study Guide, Physical Security Devices

Conspiracy in the context of theft or fraud refers to two or more individuals collaborating—often using confusion or chaos in the environment—to execute or conceal a theft. This is especially common in employee-customer collusion or multi-person theft scenarios.

Accountability (B) reduces confusion.

Invoicing (C) is a documentation process.

Proliferation (D) means rapid increase, not relevant here.

In security and risk management, criticality refers to the importance or impact of a loss, typically measured in monetary terms. It helps determine how severely the loss of an asset, process, or system could affect operations, productivity, or safety. Understanding criticality allows security professionals to prioritize protection efforts based on potential financial and operational consequences.

References from PSP: Risk Assessment Terminology – ASIS POA; PSP Study Guide – Asset Valuation and Risk Impact

Proprietary security services are those in which the security personnel are hired, trained, and managed directly by the organization they protect. They are part of the company’s staff and are not outsourced from external firms. Proprietary security typically ensures tighter integration with company culture and policies and offers better control over personnel and procedures.

Contract security services (Answer D) involve third-party firms providing personnel who are not employees of the protected organization.

Security enforcement (Answer B) is a general term, not a specific classification.

Pilferage (Answer C) refers to theft and is unrelated to service type.

Ethernet was developed in the early 1970s by Robert Metcalfe and his team at Xerox Corporation’s Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). It became the foundational technology for local area networks (LANs) and remains widely used in networking today.

IBM (B) developed other networking technologies but not Ethernet.

Microsoft (C) is a software company and did not develop Ethernet.