Pass the ASIS Physical Security Professional ASIS-PSP Questions and answers with CertsForce

Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:

The "Theft Triangle" is a concept used in physical security and loss prevention to illustrate the three primary elements that must exist for theft to occur: motive, desire, and opportunity.

Motive: The reason someone considers committing theft (e.g., financial hardship).

Desire: The internal emotional or psychological urge to obtain something.

Opportunity: The circumstances or vulnerabilities that allow the act to occur.

All three must typically be present for theft to happen. This model is used in behavioral risk assessments and insider threat prevention strategies.

A contingent event is one that may or may not occur and is typically dependent on other conditions or events. In risk and continuity planning, a contingent event is considered in scenarios such as equipment failure, natural disasters, or cyberattacks. Preparing for such events is central to contingency planning.

Critical processes (B) are the operations needing continuity.

Conditional delegation (C) refers to assigning authority under specific conditions.

Emergency response (D) is the action taken, not the uncertain event itself.

In the organizational structure of a security function, the core activities typically include:

Managerial: Oversight, policy development, leadership.

Administrative: Recordkeeping, personnel management, compliance.

Preventive: Strategies and operations to deter incidents before they occur.

Investigative: Reactive efforts to determine the cause of incidents or breaches.

These functions vary depending on the organization and risk profile but represent the foundational elements of an effective security program.

Line executives are individuals in the direct chain of command who are responsible for achieving the core objectives of an organization. They have authority over subordinate personnel and direct responsibility for organizational results. They differ from staff personnel, who provide advice or support but do not directly manage line functions.

Management (A) is a broader term that includes both line and staff.

Authorized directives (B) are formal instructions, not people.

Stockholders (D) are owners, not organizational authorities.

Focal length is the primary factor in determining the magnification and field of view in a camera lens. A longer focal length results in a narrower field of view and greater magnification of distant objects. Conversely, a shorter focal length gives a wider field of view with less magnification.

A (Image device) and B/C (Lens or image format) influence compatibility and image quality, but do not directly affect magnification.

The three most common categories of risk in organizational security are:

Personnel: Risks to human safety and behavior.

Property: Risks to physical and digital assets.

Liability: Legal exposure due to negligence or failure to act.

This classification helps align mitigation strategies and insurance planning.

A and D incorrectly list “hazards” as a category rather than a risk source.

B omits personnel, a critical category.

Pass systems are security control mechanisms used to manage access to restricted or sensitive areas within a facility. The common types of pass systems include:

Single Pass System: A permanent pass assigned to the user, typically used throughout employment unless access levels change.

Multiple Pass System: Involves multiple types of passes for different access levels or time periods.

Pass-Exchange System: A system requiring the surrender or exchange of one pass for another at checkpoints or entry to more restricted areas.

"Pass-control system" is not recognized as a distinct type of pass system in security literature and is not classified within the known categories defined in the ASIS Protection of Assets (POA) Manual or PSP certification materials.

Electromechanical sensors, including magnetic reed switches and contact sensors, are the most common type used on doors and windows. They detect the opening or closing of an entry point and are widely deployed in intrusion detection systems.

A (Capacitance), C (Infrasonic), and D (Fiber optic) sensors are more specialized and not commonly used for standard door/window monitoring.

The Internet Protocol (IP) is used to route packets of data between LANs and WANs. It allows communication across interconnected networks regardless of the underlying hardware or local network configuration. IP is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite and is the foundational protocol for all modern internetworking.

Ethernet Protocol (A) applies to LANs but not internetwork communication.

Options B and C are not valid or recognized protocol names.

Project specifications define system requirements, including performance expectations such as detection accuracy, response times, image quality, or access control capabilities. These expectations guide vendors in delivering compliant solutions and help measure system acceptance upon completion.

A (Cost) is part of project budgeting, not specifications.

B and C (Testing and tolerances) may be included but are not the core element.