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If users report that Cisco Duo 2FA fails when attempting to connect to the VPN on a Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) device, and the VPN troubleshooting log in FMC shows an error indicating that the Cisco Duo AAA server has been marked as failed, the root cause is likely missing Duo trust certificates on the FTD device. Trust certificates are essential for establishing a secure and trusted connection between the FTD and the Duo authentication service.

Steps:

Obtain the necessary Duo trust certificates.

Install the certificates on the FTD device.

Verify the configuration to ensure that the FTD device can properly communicate with the Duo AAA server.

This resolves the authentication failure by ensuring that the FTD device can trust the Duo server.

To collect 24 hours ' worth of data using a packet capture on a Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) appliance without prematurely stopping due to buffer size limitations, the engineer should increase the packet capture buffer size. The default buffer size is 32 MB, which is insufficient for extended captures.

Steps:

Access the packet capture configuration on the FTD device.

Increase the buffer size to 1 GB, which provides a significantly larger capacity for capturing packets over a 24-hour period.

Setting the buffer size to 1 GB should accommodate a substantial amount of traffic and prevent the capture from stopping prematurely.

When reconfiguring an existing Cisco FTD from transparent mode to routed mode, an additional action that must be taken to maintain communication between the two network segments is toupdate the IP addressing so that each segment is a unique IP subnet. This is because in routed mode, the FTD device acts as a router hop in the network and requires each interface to be on a different subnet. In transparent mode, the FTD device acts as a layer 2 firewall and does not require different subnets for each interface1.

The other options are incorrect because:

Configuring a NAT rule so that traffic between the segments is exempt from NAT is not necessary to maintain communication between the two network segments. NAT is used to translate IP addresses between different networks, but it does not affect the routing of packets. Moreover, NAT is optional in routed mode and can be disabled if not needed2.

Deploying inbound ACLs on each interface to allow traffic between the segments is not required to maintain communication between the two network segments. ACLs are used to control access to network resources based on source and destination addresses, protocols, and ports. They do not affect the routing of packets. Furthermore, ACLs are optional in routed mode and can be configured as needed3.

Assigning a unique VLAN ID for the interface in each segment is not relevant to maintain communication between the two network segments. VLANs are used to create logical groups of hosts that share the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location or connection. They do not affect the routing of packets. Besides, VLANs are not supported in routed mode and can only be used in transparent mode4.

To change the mode of a Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) device in the Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) inventory, the engineer must follow these steps:

Register the Secure FTD with Secure FMC.

Change the firewall mode.

Deregister the Secure FTD device from Secure FMC.

To perform these actions, accessing the Secure FTD CLI from the console port is necessary. This allows the engineer to execute the required commands to change the firewall mode and manage the registration status of the FTD device.

Steps:

Connect to the Secure FTD device via the console port.

Access the CLI and execute the command to change the firewall mode (configure firewall-mode).

Deregister the device from FMC if needed.

Register or re-register the device with FMC as required.