Pass the WGU Courses and Certificates Integrated-Physical-Sciences Questions and answers with CertsForce

**Elastic collision with equal masses:** When two identical masses collide elastically, the moving ball (ball 1) will transfer all its momentum to the stationary ball (ball 2). - **Post-collision velocities:** After the collision, ball 1 will come to rest, and ball 2 will move with the same velocity that ball 1 had before the collision. - **Conclusion:** Ball 1 stops, and ball 2 moves at the velocity ball 1 had before the collision. **References:** Classical mechanics textbooks, conservation of momentum and energy in elastic collisions, and resources on head-on collisions.

1. **Understanding the Graph**: The graph provided shows the relationship between acceleration (in m/s²) and mass (in kg). The x-axis represents mass, and the y-axis represents acceleration. 2. **Observing the Trend**: The graph shows a decreasing curve, which indicates that as the mass increases, the acceleration decreases. 3. **Newton's Second Law of Motion**: According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, \( F = ma \), where \( F \) is the force, \( m \) is the mass, and \( a \) is the acceleration. If the net force (\( F \)) is kept constant, then \( a = \frac{F}{m} \). 4. **Inverse Proportionality**: The equation \( a = \frac{F}{m} \) suggests that acceleration \( a \) is inversely proportional to the mass \( m \). This means that if the mass increases, the acceleration decreases proportionally. 5. **Conclusion**: Based on the graph and Newton's Second Law, the correct description of the relationship is that mass and acceleration are inversely proportional. **References**: - Newton's Second Law of Motion: Basic principle in physics indicating the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

When a truck comes to a stop by applying the brakes, the kinetic energy of the moving truck is converted into thermal energy due to friction between the brake pads and the wheels. This conversion results in the production of heat, which dissipates the energy and brings the truck to a halt. References:

Integrated Physical Sciences, Chapter 5: Energy Transformations

The grocery store manager's assumption that visibility of items increases how often they are purchased is a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a testable prediction or explanation that can be investigated through experiments or observations. In this case, the manager’s idea can be tested by placing items in different locations and measuring their sales. References:

Integrated Physical Sciences, Chapter 1: The Nature of Scientific Inquiry

Elements in the same group (column) of the periodic table have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. Phosphorus (P) is in the same group as nitrogen (N), Group 15, and thus has similar chemical properties. In comparison:

Neon (Ne) is a noble gas in Group 18.

Silicon (Si) is in Group 14.

Boron (B) is in Group 13.

References:

Integrated Physical Sciences Learning Resources, Chapter on the Periodic Table

Energy is released during phase changes from gas to liquid (condensation). When water vapor in a cloud condenses to form raindrops, it releases energy to the surroundings. This is because the gas phase (water vapor) has higher energy than the liquid phase (raindrops), and the transition to a lower energy state (liquid) releases the excess energy.

References:

Integrated Physical Sciences materials on condensation and energy release.

Concepts of energy changes during phase transitions.

Understanding Molecular Structure:

Water Molecule: Consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically bonded together.

Classification of Substances:

Element (B): A pure substance of one type of atom.

Compound (D): A substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded.

Isotope (C): Variants of a particular chemical element with different neutron numbers.

Mixture (A): A combination of substances not chemically bonded.

Chemical Bonding in Water: The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are chemically bonded, forming a compound.

Conclusion: Water is a compound.

References:

Chemical Compounds: Definitions and examples of chemical compounds.

The formation of sand dunes, as shown in the picture, is primarily due to the process of deposition by wind. Wind transports sand and other fine particles over long distances, and when the wind speed decreases, these particles settle and accumulate, forming dunes. This process is particularly common in arid and semi-arid regions where vegetation is sparse, allowing the wind to move freely.

References:

Integrated Physical Sciences documents on erosion and deposition.

Geological studies on desert environments and sand dune formation.

Energy types: When a ball is in motion, it possesses kinetic energy. As the ball rolls up a ramp, it slows down and gains height.

Energy conversion: As the ball ascends the ramp, its kinetic energy decreases because the ball is slowing down. Simultaneously, its gravitational potential energy increases because it is gaining height.

Conservation of energy: The total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant if we neglect friction. The decrease in kinetic energy is exactly balanced by the increase in gravitational potential energy.

Conclusion: The appropriate energy conversion in this scenario is the transformation of kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy.

References: Integrated Physical Sciences textbooks on mechanics and energy conservation, principles of kinetic and potential energy.

Location B on the map corresponds to a region along the San Andreas Fault in California, which is a transform plate boundary. At transform boundaries, plates slide past each other horizontally. This movement can cause significant stress accumulation and release in the form of earthquakes. However, this type of boundary does not typically produce volcanic activity, which is more common at divergent and convergent boundaries. Therefore, location B has a high risk of earthquakes but a low risk of volcanic activity.

References:

Integrated Physical Sciences resources on tectonic plate boundaries.

Studies on the San Andreas Fault and seismic activity.