Pass the Amazon Web Services AWS Certified Associate SOA-C02 Questions and answers with CertsForce

To meet the requirements for data storage and retrieval, the most cost-effective solution is to store the data in S3 Standard for the first 90 days and set up an S3 Lifecycle rule to move the data to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 90 days.

S3 Standard:

Provides high availability and low latency access.

Suitable for frequently accessed data.

S3 Lifecycle Rule:

Set up a lifecycle rule to transition the data from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 90 days.

S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval offers low-cost archival storage with retrieval times ranging from minutes to hours, which meets the requirement of less than 5 hours.

Implementation Steps:

Open the S3 console.

Select the bucket and navigate to "Management" -> "Lifecycle rules."

Create a new lifecycle rule to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 90 days.

Amazon S3 Storage Classes

S3 Lifecycle Configuration

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/distributor-working-with-packages-deploy.html

To ensure that all Amazon EC2 Windows instances have a third-party agent installed and updated automatically, the SysOps administrator can use AWS Systems Manager Distributor and State Manager.

Create a Systems Manager Distributor Package:

Distributor is a capability of AWS Systems Manager that allows you to package and distribute software across your instances.

Create a Distributor package for the third-party agent.

AWS Systems Manager Distributor

Create a Systems Manager State Manager Association:

State Manager is a capability of AWS Systems Manager that automates the process of keeping your Amazon EC2 instances in a defined state.

Create a State Manager association to run the AWS-ConfigureAWSPackage document. Populate the details of the third-party agent package.

Specify instance tags based on the appropriate tag value for Windows with a schedule of 1 day to ensure the agent is updated periodically.

One possible cause for the failure of the CloudFormation template to create an EC2 instance in the us-west-2 Region is that the Amazon Machine Image (AMI) ID referenced in the template could not be found in the us-west-2 Region. This could be due to the fact that the AMI is not available in that region, or the credentials used to access the AMI were not configured properly. The other options (resource tags defined in the CloudFormation template are specific to the us-east-I Region, the cfn-init script did not run during resource provisioning in the us-west-2 Region, and the IAM user was not created in the specified Region) are not valid causes for this failure.

To ensure that the application endpoint has a static public IP address, the SysOps administrator should deploy the application behind an internet-facing Network Load Balancer (NLB):

Network Load Balancer:

An NLB automatically provides a static IP address that can be associated with the load balancer. It supports static IP addresses for each Availability Zone and can handle a high number of requests per second.

To monitor and receive notifications when a KMS key deletion is scheduled, you can implement the following steps:

Create an Amazon EventBridge Rule:AWS KMS emits events to EventBridge when a key deletion is scheduled. You can create an EventBridge rule that listens for these specific events. This rule can then trigger actions, such as sending notifications or initiating automated workflows.

Create an Amazon SNS Topic:Amazon SNS is a fully managed messaging service that enables you to decouple and scale microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications. By configuring the EventBridge rule to send events to an SNS topic, you can ensure that notifications are sent to the appropriate recipients, such as the security team.

By combining these two services, you can effectively monitor for scheduled deletions of KMS keys and notify the relevant stakeholders without altering the developers' IAM permissions.

When receiving an InstanceLimitExceeded error in a participant account of a shared VPC, you need to request an instance quota increase from the participant account.

Requesting a Quota Increase:

Open the AWS Service Quotas console in the participant account.

In the navigation pane, choose "AWS services" and select "Amazon EC2."

Select the quota you need to increase, such as "Running On-Demand Standard (A, C, D, H, I, M, R, T, Z) instances."

Click "Request quota increase" and specify the desired limit.

Quota Management in AWS Organizations:

While shared VPCs allow resources to be used across accounts, quota limits are still managed per account.

Each participant account must manage its own quotas independently.

Service Quotas

Requesting a Quota Increase

To improve the performance of the website with long loading times, leveraging Amazon CloudFront for caching static content and implementing EC2 Auto Scaling are effective strategies.

Add Amazon CloudFront Caching:

Navigate to the CloudFront console and create a new distribution.

For the origin, specify the S3 bucket where the static content is stored.

Configure caching settings to ensure that static content is cached at edge locations for faster delivery to end users.

Update the DNS settings in Amazon Route 53 to point to the CloudFront distribution for static content.

Implement EC2 Auto Scaling:

Go to the EC2 console and create a new launch configuration or launch template for the web servers.

Set up an Auto Scaling group using the launch configuration/template.

Configure the Auto Scaling group to use health checks, and specify the desired, minimum, and maximum number of instances.

Define scaling policies to add or remove instances based on CPU utilization or other metrics.

Distribute instances across multiple Availability Zones for high availability.

Amazon CloudFront Developer Guide

Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling

To review the VPC configuration of developer AWS accounts securely, the best practice is to use cross-account IAM roles with read-only access.

Create an IAM Policy with Read-Only Access:

Navigate to the IAM console in each developer account.

Create a new policy with read-only access to VPC resources. For example:

"Version": "2012-10-17",

"Statement": [

{

"Effect": "Allow",

"Action": [

"ec2:DescribeVpcs",

"ec2:DescribeSubnets",

"ec2:DescribeRouteTables",

"ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups",

"ec2:DescribeNetworkAcls"

],

"Resource": "*"

}

]

}

Save the policy.

Create a Cross-Account IAM Role:

In the IAM console, choose "Roles" and then "Create role".

Select "Another AWS account" and enter the AWS account ID of the security administrator's account.

Attach the read-only policy created in step 1 to the role.

Save the role and note the role ARN.

Assume the Role from the Security Administrator's Account:

In the security administrator's account, navigate to the IAM console.

Use the "Switch Role" option to assume the cross-account role created in the developer account using the role ARN.

The security administrator can now access the VPC configuration of the developer accounts with read-only permissions.

Cross-Account Access

Creating and Managing IAM Policies

Cluster placement groups are designed to place EC2 instances close together within a single Availability Zone, which reduces latency and maximizes network performance between instances.

Cluster Placement Group: Reduces network latency by keeping instances in close proximity within the same hardware, providing low-latency, high-throughput networking.

High Network Performance: Ideal for latency-sensitive applications, especially those running within a clustered architecture.

Spread placement groups are designed for high availability rather than low latency. Jumbo frames may improve throughput but not significantly reduce latency.

Increasing DB Instance Size:

Increasing the instance size provides more CPU and memory resources, which can help handle higher loads.

Steps:

Go to the AWS Management Console.

Navigate to RDS and select the DB instance.

Modify the instance to increase its size.

Apply the changes during the next maintenance window or immediately if it is a critical issue.

Monitoring Performance:

After resizing, monitor the instance during the next report run to ensure that it handles the load effectively.

Modifying an Amazon RDS DB Instance