Pass the WGU Courses and Certificates Information-Technology-Management Questions and answers with CertsForce

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

A mainframe computer is a large, powerful system designed for high-volume, mission-critical data processing and enterprise-level tasks. It is typically used by large organizations such as banks, insurance companies, government agencies, and large enterprises.

Core characteristics aligned with IT management fundamentals:

Mainframes support thousands of concurrent users and very large transaction volumes (e.g., processing credit card transactions, airline reservations, payroll).

They provide high levels of reliability, availability, and security, often running 24/7 with minimal downtime.

They are optimized for throughput and I/O-intensive operations, rather than just raw personal computing speed.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B. Desktop – Designed for individual end users performing personal productivity tasks, development work, or office activities; not suitable for massive centralized transaction processing across an enterprise.

C. Laptop – Portable computer for individual users; optimized for mobility, not for large-scale enterprise transaction processing or data handling.

D. Workstation – A powerful single-user machine typically used for tasks like CAD, 3D modeling, or scientific computing; while more powerful than a typical desktop, it is not intended for the centralized, high-volume, multi-user data processing workloads that mainframes handle.

Therefore, Mainframe is the correct answer since it is the class of computer specifically designed for enterprise-level, high-volume data processing.

The Processor (CPU – Central Processing Unit) is the “brain” of the computer. It controls operations and executes instructions, performing arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations as directed by the program instructions.

Option A (Hard drive): Provides long-term storage, not operations control.

Option B (RAM): Stores data temporarily for quick access but does not control operations.

Option C (Graphics card): Handles rendering of images and video, but does not serve as the primary system controller.

Therefore, the processor is the component that carries out operations and manages execution.

The Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is a framework of best practices for IT service management. Its core purpose is to align IT services with the strategic and operational needs of the business. ITIL provides structured processes, practices, and guidelines for managing the IT service lifecycle, including service strategy, design, transition, operation, and continual improvement.

Option A: Incorrect, ITIL is not a software development lifecycle framework (e.g., that would be Agile, Scrum, or SDLC).

Option C: Incorrect, ITIL is not a programming language.

Option D: Incorrect, ITIL does not address hardware manufacturing.

Thus, ITIL’s purpose is to align IT services with business needs.

Unified communications (UC) integrates various communication tools such as instant messaging, email, voice, video conferencing, and collaboration platforms into a single interface. The primary benefit is enhanced collaboration, allowing teams to work together seamlessly across multiple channels and geographic locations.

Option A: Incorrect—UC focuses on communication, not resource speed.

Option B: Incorrect—UC does not provide additional storage.

Option C: Incorrect—billing is unrelated to unified communications.

Thus, the benefit of unified communications is enhanced collaboration.

A transformational CIO goes beyond maintaining IT infrastructure and instead focuses on innovation, strategic initiatives, and enabling business growth through technology. This leadership approach involves aligning IT with business strategy, driving digital transformation, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement and adaptability.

Option A: Incorrect—operational stability is important but not transformational.

Option B: Incorrect—maintaining existing systems is reactive, not innovative.

Option C: Incorrect—non-technical business oversight is outside the CIO’s IT leadership role.

Thus, the CIO becomes transformational by driving innovation and business growth.

Purpose of Internet Use Policy in IT Ethics:

An Internet Use Policy is a subset of an organization’s IT ethics policy. It outlines acceptable use of the organization’s internet resources by employees.

By defining clear guidelines, the policy aims to minimize time wasted on personal browsing and ensure internet use aligns with business goals.

Relation to Worker Productivity:

The policy is designed to prevent misuse of the internet (e.g., excessive social media use or visiting non-work-related websites), which can negatively impact productivity.

Encouraging responsible use fosters a professional environment and helps employees focus on work-related tasks.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: Email monitoring may be part of broader IT security policies but is not the focus of Internet Use policies.

Option C: Branding guidelines apply to communication policies, not internet usage policies.

Option D: Printer usage is covered under equipment policies, not internet use policies.

The Construction phase of the Rational Unified Process (RUP) is where software requirements are translated into working code. During this phase, developers build the system by coding, integrating, and testing components based on the validated architecture.

Option A (Elaboration): Focuses on refining requirements and validating architecture.

Option B (Inception): Defines the scope, objectives, and business case.

Option D (Transition): Involves system deployment and user acceptance testing.

Thus, the correct phase is Construction.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

A Trojan horse (or simply “Trojan”) is a type of malware that pretends to be legitimate or useful software to trick users into installing or running it. Once executed, it can create backdoors, download additional malicious components, or allow unauthorized access to the system, while often hiding its true purpose.

Why B is correct: A Trojan disguises itself as something benign or helpful (such as a free utility, game, or update) in order to deceive the user and gain access. This matches the definition given in standard cybersecurity sections of IT management materials.

Why the others are incorrect:

A. Keylogger – Specializes in capturing keystrokes to steal information like passwords; it may be delivered by a Trojan, but the defining behavior is keystroke logging, not masquerading as legitimate software.

C. Spyware – Secretly monitors user activity and sends data to an attacker; it focuses on surveillance, not necessarily on pretending to be legitimate software as its core characteristic.

D. Rootkit – Designed to hide the presence of malware or attackers by modifying system processes and tools; its main role is stealth and persistence, not initial disguise as legitimate software.

Biometric authentication methods (such as fingerprint scans, facial recognition, or iris scans) provide strong protection against unauthorized physical access to sensitive systems and data. These methods ensure that only authorized individuals can access secured facilities or devices.

Option A: Software patching addresses software vulnerabilities, not physical access.

Option B: Data encryption protects data confidentiality, but does not prevent physical access attempts.

Option C: Firewalls protect network access, not physical access.

Thus, biometric authentication protects against unauthorized physical access.

CRM systems include campaign performance analysis features that allow organizations to measure the success of marketing campaigns, such as conversion rates, customer responses, ROI, and overall effectiveness. This enables continuous improvement of marketing strategies.

Option A: Message delivery tracking only shows if communication reached the customer, not campaign success.

Option B: Contact response summaries are part of reporting but do not give full performance insights.

Option C: Promotion strategy evaluation is broader and more subjective than measurable campaign analytics.

Therefore, the correct CRM feature is campaign performance analysis.