Pass the PTCB CPhT PTCE Questions and answers with CertsForce

Ciprofloxacin is afluoroquinolone antibioticthat chelates (binds) withdivalent and trivalent cationssuch ascalciumfound in milk. This interaction forms aninsoluble complex, significantly reducing ciprofloxacin’s absorption in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to decreased bioavailability and reduced therapeutic effect.

B. Distribution→ Incorrect; milk does not directly impact the distribution of ciprofloxacin in the bloodstream.

C. Metabolism→ Incorrect; ciprofloxacin is primarily metabolized in the liver, and milk does not inhibit its enzymatic breakdown.

D. Excretion→ Incorrect; ciprofloxacin is mainly excreted by the kidneys, and milk does not significantly impact this process.

Other Answer Choices Explained:Pharmacist’s Recommendation:Patients should take ciprofloxacinat least 2 hours before or 6 hours afterconsuming dairy products to avoid reduced drug absorption.

AClass I recallis themost seriousrecall issued when amedication labeling erroror contaminationcould result in serious harm or death.

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)is ananticoagulant, whilephytonadione (Vitamin K1)is anantidote for warfarin toxicity—confusing these could lead to life-threatening bleeding or clotting issues.

TheFDA mandates an immediate Class I recallfor errors that could causefatal outcomes.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

B. Class II?❌Used formoderate health risks(e.g., subpotent drugs).

C. Class III?❌Used forminor errors(e.g., misprinted labels, minor defects).

D. Misbranding?❌Misbranding is a regulatory issue butnot a recall classification.

????Reference:FDA Drug Recall Guidelines, ISMP Medication Safety Alerts.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Levetiracetam (Keppra)is classified as ananticonvulsantused to treatseizures (epilepsy).It works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain.

????Explanation of Answer Choices:✅C. Anticonvulsant→Correct. Levetiracetam is indicated forpartial-onset, myoclonic, and tonic-clonic seizures.❌A. Antibiotic→ Incorrect. Levetiracetam does not treat bacterial infections.❌B. Antihyperglycemic→ Incorrect. Antihyperglycemics lowerblood sugar(e.g., metformin, glipizide).❌D. Antihypertensive→ Incorrect. Antihypertensives lowerblood pressure(e.g., amlodipine, lisinopril).

????Reference:

PTCB Exam: Pharmacology for Technicians

FDA Approved Drug Database (Levetiracetam)

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Nasonexis anasal corticosteroidused to treatallergic rhinitis. Thegeneric name is mometasone furoate.

????Explanation of Answer Choices:✅A. Mometasone furoate→Correct.Theactive ingredient in Nasonex.❌B. Loteprednol etabonate→ Incorrect.A corticosteroid, but used for eye inflammation.❌C. Desloratadine→ Incorrect.An antihistamine, not a steroid.❌D. Fluticasone→ Incorrect.Similar corticosteroid, but the generic for Flonase, not Nasonex.

????Reference:

FDA Orange Book (Nasonex and Generics)

PTCB Exam: Generic & Brand Name Medications

Nurtec ODT (Rimegepant)is anorally disintegrating tablet (ODT)used for theacute treatment of migraines. Since it is designed to dissolve quickly in the mouth,it is highly sensitive to moisture. Exposure to moisture can cause the tablets to degrade, dissolve prematurely, or lose potency.

Storage Requirement:

Must be kept in the original blister packaging until usetoprevent moisture exposure.

Should not be stored in pill organizers or opened ahead of time.

B. Light→ Incorrect; Nurtec ODT isnot highly photosensitive.

C. Heat→ Incorrect; while heat can degrade many medications,moisture is the primary concernfor ODT formulations.

D. Cold→ Incorrect; refrigeration isnot required, and cold storage does not affect the drug’s stability.

Other Answer Choices Explained:References:

FDA Drug Label for Nurtec ODT (Rimegepant) – Storage and Handling Instructions

USP <795> Nonsterile Compounding & Drug Stability Guidelines

PTCB PTCE Exam Content Outline (Medication Storage & Handling)

• Enbrel (etanercept) is a biologic that requires refrigeration at 2–8°C (36–46°F) prior to dispensing and during storage per manufacturer labeling.

• Testosterone injections (e.g., cypionate/enanthate) are typically stored at controlled room temperature.

• Lovenox (enoxaparin) prefilled syringes and heparin injections are also stored at controlled room temperature; refrigeration is not required.

Therefore, the injection that must be refrigerated is Enbrel.

References (Pharmacy Technician Documents/Study Guides):

• Storage and stability in manufacturer labeling for biologics and injectables; pharmacy technician references on refrigerated biologics (e.g., etanercept) vs. room-temperature injectables (testosterone, enoxaparin, heparin).

Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)is used to treatpernicious anemia, a condition caused byVitamin B12 deficiencydue to the body’s inability to absorb it properly.

Pernicious anemiais an autoimmune disorder where the stomach does not produceintrinsic factor, a protein needed for Vitamin B12 absorption.

Symptoms includefatigue, weakness, neurological issues (numbness, tingling), and megaloblastic anemia.

Cyanocobalamin is given viaIM injection or high-dose oral supplementation.

(A) Pernicious anemia✅Correct – Cyanocobalamin is the primary treatment.

(B) Alcohol withdrawal❌Incorrect – Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is used for alcohol withdrawal, not cyanocobalamin.

(C) Hypothyroidism❌Incorrect – Treated withlevothyroxine (Synthroid), not Vitamin B12.

(D) Narrow-angle glaucoma❌Incorrect – Treated withtimolol, acetazolamide, or surgery, not cyanocobalamin.

Cyanocobalamin Prescribing Information (NIH): https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607038.html

PTCB Exam Content Outline – Disease States & Medications

Key Facts About Cyanocobalamin & Pernicious Anemia:Analysis of Answer Choices:References for Pharmacy Technicians:

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)is anSNRI antidepressantoften confused withparoxetine (Paxil), another SSRI antidepressantdue tosimilar names andoverlapping indications.

????Reference:ISMP List of Look-Alike, Sound-Alike (LASA) Medications.

Diflucan (fluconazole) is an antifungal, whileDiprivan (propofol) is a sedative/anesthetic used for surgery.

Look-Alike, Sound-Alike (LASA) errorsoccur when medications havesimilar names but different indications.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

B. Clonidine (BP medication) & Klonopin (anxiolytic)→ LASA error but not antifungal vs. anesthetic.

C. Metronidazole (antibiotic) & Metformin (diabetes drug)→ LASA error but different categories.

D. Amiloride (diuretic) & Amlodipine (BP medication)→ LASA error but different categories.

????Reference:ISMP List of High-Risk LASA Medications.

Methadone is a Schedule II controlled substanceunder theControlled Substances Act (CSA).

Pharmacies must useDEA Form 222orCSOS (Controlled Substance Ordering System)to orderSchedule II drugs.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Buspirone?❌NOT a controlled substance(used for anxiety).

B. Nortriptyline?❌NOT a controlled substance(an antidepressant).

D. Sildenafil (Viagra)?❌NOT a controlled substance(used for erectile dysfunction).

????Reference:DEA Controlled Substance Ordering Requirements (21 CFR 1305).