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The problem requires a publicly accessible Cloud Run service with HTTPS, TLS termination at the edge, threat mitigation, and geo-based access restrictions.

External HTTP(S) Load Balancer: This is the standard Google Cloud component for exposing public-facing web applications, providing a single global IP address, global load balancing, and crucially, TLS termination at the edge of Google's network.

Serverless Network Endpoint Group (NEG): A serverless NEG connects an HTTP(S) Load Balancer to a Cloud Run service (or other serverless backends like Cloud Functions or App Engine), allowing the load balancer to route traffic to the serverless application.Extract Reference: "You can use an external HTTP(S) Load Balancer with a serverless network endpoint group (NEG) to integrate Cloud Run services with advanced load balancing features, such as Cloud CDN, Google Cloud Armor, and Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy." (Google Cloud Documentation: "Connect a Cloud Run service to an HTTP(S) Load Balancer | Cloud Run Documentation" - https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/integrating/load-balancers)

Google-Managed Certificate for TLS Termination: Using Google-managed SSL certificates simplifies the management of HTTPS, as Google handles the provisioning, renewal, and deployment of certificates. The external HTTP(S) Load Balancer terminates TLS using these certificates.Extract Reference: "Google-managed SSL certificates let you use Google Cloud's globally distributed infrastructure to automatically provision and renew your certificates." (Google Cloud Documentation: "Google-managed SSL certificates overview | Load Balancing" - https://cloud.google.com/load-balancing/docs/ssl-certificates/google-managed-certs)

Cloud Armor for Threat Mitigation and Geo-Based Access Control: Cloud Armor is a Web Application Firewall (WAF) service that integrates with HTTP(S) Load Balancers. It provides DDoS protection, allows custom rules for threat mitigation (e.g., SQL injection, XSS), and supports geo-based access control rules to allow or deny traffic based on the source's geographic region.Extract Reference: "Google Cloud Armor helps protect your Google Cloud deployments from various threats, including Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks and application attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) and SQL injection (SQLi)." and "Google Cloud Armor supports geo-based access control, allowing you to filter requests based on geographic region." (Google Cloud Documentation: "Google Cloud Armor overview" - https://cloud.google.com/armor/docs/overview)

Let's evaluate the other options:

A. IAP for authentication and IP-based access control + custom SSL certs: IAP is primarily an authentication layer for users/identities, not a WAF for threat mitigation or geo-blocking for a publicly accessible service before any authentication takes place. While it can apply IP-based access, it's typically for post-authentication controls.

B. Assign custom domain, enable HTTPS, allUsers IAM, firewall rules & VPC SC: While Cloud Run supports custom domains and HTTPS, and allUsers makes it public, direct Cloud Run services do not leverage traditional VPC firewall rules for public ingress. VPC Service Controls are for API access and data exfiltration, not for WAF or geo-blocking of public web traffic.

D. Cloud DNS public zone, static IP, VPC firewall rules, threat signatures: Cloud Run services are managed and do not typically expose a static IP address that can be directly associated with VPC firewall rules for public traffic. VPC firewall rules apply to VMs within a VPC, not to the managed global infrastructure of Cloud Run's public endpoints.

Therefore, deploying an external HTTP(S) Load Balancer with a serverless NEG and integrating it with Google-managed certificates and Cloud Armor is the most comprehensive and Google-recommended solution for meeting all the specified security requirements for a publicly accessible Cloud Run application.

https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/public-access-prevention

Public access prevention protects Cloud Storage buckets and objects from being accidentally exposed to the public. If your bucket is contained within an organization, you can enforce public access prevention by using the organization policy constraint storage.publicAccessPrevention at the project, folder, or organization level.

https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/export/troubleshoot#errors_exporting_to_cloud_storage

https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/export/troubleshoot

Unable to grant correct permissions to the destination: Even if the sink was successfully created with the correct service account permissions, this error message displays if the access control model for the Cloud Storage bucket was set to uniform access when the bucket was created. For existing Cloud Storage buckets, you can change the access control model for the first 90 days after bucket creation by using the Permissions tab. For new buckets, select the Fine-grained access control model during bucket creation. For details, see Creating Cloud Storage buckets.

To manage consumer user accounts created using the corporate domain name, you can use the transfer tool for unmanaged user accounts provided by Google Cloud Identity. Here’s how you can proceed:

Identify Unmanaged Accounts:

Use the Cloud Identity interface to identify consumer (unmanaged) accounts that exist with your corporate domain.

Initiate Transfer Process:

Use the transfer tool for unmanaged user accounts to initiate the transfer. This tool helps in converting unmanaged accounts (consumer accounts) into managed accounts.

User Notification:

Users with unmanaged accounts will receive an email notification prompting them to accept the transfer to the organization’s managed account system.

Accept Transfer:

Users need to follow the instructions in the email to accept the transfer. Once accepted, their accounts will be managed under your organization’s Cloud Identity setup.

Benefits:

Centralized Management: All user accounts under your corporate domain are managed centrally, ensuring compliance and security.

Enhanced Security: Managed accounts provide better control over security policies and access management.

References

Transfer tool for unmanaged users

Cloud Identity Documentation

Google Cloud Armor helps to protect applications from DDoS attacks and web application firewall (WAF) threats like XSS and SQLi. To use Google Cloud Armor security policies, certain requirements must be met:

External Load Balancers: Google Cloud Armor is specifically designed to work with external HTTP(S) load balancers, which handle traffic at the edge of the Google Cloud network. This type of load balancer provides a global frontend that can distribute traffic to various backends.

Load Balancing Scheme: The backend service associated with the Google Cloud Armor policy must have an EXTERNAL load balancing scheme. This scheme allows the service to accept traffic from outside the Google Cloud network, which is necessary for applying security policies effectively at the network edge.

These requirements ensure that Google Cloud Armor can inspect and filter incoming traffic before it reaches your web application's backend services, providing an additional layer of security against common web vulnerabilities.

References

Google Cloud Armor Documentation

External HTTP(S) Load Balancing Overview

Rewriting the objects in-place within the same bucket, specifying the new CMEK for encryption, allows you to re-encrypt the data without downloading and re-uploading it, thus minimizing costs and time.

https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/encryption/using-customer-managed-keys

Security Command Center (SCC) in Google Cloud provides several features to help organizations detect and respond to security threats and misconfigurations.

Event Threat Detection: This feature continuously monitors and analyzes system logs to detect potential threats such as crypto mining. It uses machine learning and threat intelligence to identify suspicious activities and generate alerts.

Security Health Analytics: This feature helps identify common misconfigurations and compliance violations that could impact security. It provides visibility into security posture and helps remediate issues related to misconfigurations in your Google Cloud environment.

By using both Event Threat Detection and Security Health Analytics, you can effectively monitor for crypto mining activities and detect common misconfigurations that could compromise security.

References

Security Command Center Documentation

Event Threat Detection

Security Health Analytics

To handle PII data ingestion and ensure both redaction and re-identification for analytics purposes, you can use Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) with appropriate techniques for masking and encryption.

Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) with Cryptographic Hashing (C):

Use Cloud DLP to apply cryptographic hashing to PII data. Hashing transforms the data into a fixed-length string that is not directly readable, providing a layer of obfuscation. This helps in masking the PII while retaining the ability to verify data integrity.

Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) with Deterministic Encryption using AES-SIV (E):

Apply deterministic encryption using AES-SIV through Cloud DLP. Deterministic encryption ensures that the same input will always produce the same encrypted output, allowing you to re-identify the PII when necessary. This method enables secure encryption while allowing data re-identification for analytics.

By combining these two approaches, you can effectively mask PII for privacy protection and later re-identify it when required for analysis.

References

Cloud Data Loss Prevention Documentation

Data Redaction and Masking Techniques

To ensure that only trusted container images are deployed on Cloud Run, you can implement Binary Authorization, which is a deploy-time security control that ensures only trusted images are used.

Set Up Binary Authorization:

Navigate to the Google Cloud Console.

Go to Security > Binary Authorization.

Configure the policy to include attestors that verify your trusted images.

Enable Binary Authorization on Cloud Run:

Go to the Cloud Run service.

Enable Binary Authorization on your existing Cloud Run services by selecting the appropriate Binary Authorization policy.

Set Organization Policy:

Go to the Organization Policies page in the Google Cloud Console.

Add a constraint for constraints/run.allowedBinaryAuthorizationPolicies.

Specify the list of allowed Binary Authorization policy names to enforce across your organization.

These steps ensure that any container image deployed on Cloud Run is validated against the specified Binary Authorization policies, preventing untrusted images from being deployed.

Implied IPv4 allow egress rule. An egress rule whose action is allow, destination is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) lets any instance send traffic to any destination

Implied IPv4 deny ingress rule. An ingress rule whose action is deny, source is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) protects all instances by blocking incoming connections to them.

https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/firewalls?hl=en#default_firewall_rules