Team velocity is a measure of a team’s effective productivity and capacity in agile development. It indicates the amount of work a team can accomplish in a given sprint, usually expressed in story points1. Team velocity can vary from sprint to sprint due to various factors, such as team size, complexity, dependencies, quality, and external interruptions2. Therefore, it is important for the project manager to monitor and review the team velocity over the last several sprints and use the average or trend as a basis for planning and forecasting future sprints3. By adjusting the plan according to the team velocity, the project manager can help the team avoid overcommitting or underdelivering, and set realistic and achievable sprint goals4.

The other options are not the best choices for the project manager in this situation. Switching to a Kanban approach (option A) may not solve the problem of sprint failures, as Kanban is a different agile framework that does not use fixed-length iterations or predefined roles. Kanban focuses on visualizing the workflow, limiting the work in progress, and optimizing the flow of value5. While Kanban can help the team improve efficiency and flexibility, it may not be suitable for every project or organization, and it may require a significant change in the team’s culture and processes. Asking the project sponsor to approve overtime (option C) may not be a sustainable or effective solution, as it may lead to burnout, lower quality, higher costs, and reduced motivation among the team members6. Replacing junior team members with more experienced ones (option D) may not be feasible or desirable, as it may disrupt the team’s dynamics, trust, and collaboration. It may also create resentment, conflict, and turnover among the team members. Negotiating the project scope to compensate for the budget gap may not be aligned with the project’s objectives, stakeholders’ expectations, or agile principles7.

 1: What is team velocity and how to calculate it - LogRocket Blog 2: Home - Team Velocity - Fueled by Apollo 3: How to Calculate Team Velocity in Agile Project Management 4: [How to Use Team Velocity to Plan Sprints | monday.com Blog] 5: Kanban - A brief introduction | Atlassian 6: [The Impact of Overtime on Productivity and Quality in Agile Teams] 7: [Agile Manifesto Principles | Agile Alliance]