Open-source intelligence (OSINT) refers to the process of collecting and analyzing information from publicly available sources. This can include social media, websites, press releases, job boards, government databases, and more.

OSINT is a crucial part of the reconnaissance phase in ethical hacking and penetration testing, where attackers or analysts gather intel without directly interacting with the target system.

Reference – CEH v13 Official Study Guide:

Module 2: Footprinting and Reconnaissance

Quote:

“OSINT is derived from public sources and includes blogs, websites, public records, and social networks. It helps attackers or analysts understand the target’s digital footprint.”

Incorrect Options Explained:

B. “Real intelligence” is not a cybersecurity term.

C. Social intelligence refers to interpersonal awareness, not cyber reconnaissance.

D. Human intelligence (HUMINT) involves person-to-person intel, not publicly available data.

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