Pass the CompTIA CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Questions and answers with CertsForce

When traffic moves laterally between VMs within the same network or subnet, it is known as east-west traffic. This contrasts with north-south traffic, which refers to communication between internal and external networks.

Breakdown of Options:

A. East-west – Correct answer. This refers to traffic between internal servers or VMs, which is a common security concern.

B. Point-to-point – Point-to-point describes a direct connection between two devices, but does not specifically define lateral movement.

C. Horizontal-scaling – This refers to adding more instances or nodes in cloud computing, unrelated to traffic flow.

D. Hub-and-spoke – This network topology describes a centralized design, not lateral traffic.

A hot site is a fully operational backup facility with hardware, network, and data synchronization already in place. It allows for immediate failover in the event of a disaster, minimizing downtime.

B. DCI (Data Center Interconnect) connects data centers but doesn’t guarantee availability unless built redundantly.

C. Direct Connect refers to a private link to cloud providers, not disaster recovery.

D. Active-passive can help with failover but may involve delay unless combined with hot site principles.

???? Reference:

CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Official Objectives: 4.4 – Summarize business continuity and disaster recovery concepts.

Understanding 2.4GHz Interference:

The 2.4GHz frequency range is commonly used by many devices, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and various industrial equipment. This can lead to interference and degraded performance.

Mitigation Strategies:

5GHz Frequency:

The 5GHz frequency band offers more channels and less interference compared to the 2.4GHz band. Devices operating on 5GHz are less likely to encounter interference from other devices, including industrial equipment.

Non-overlapping Channels:

In the 2.4GHz band, using non-overlapping channels (such as channels 1, 6, and 11) can help reduce interference. Non-overlapping channels do not interfere with each other, providing clearer communication paths for Wi-Fi signals.

Why Other Options are Less Effective:

Mesh Network: While useful for extending network coverage, a mesh network does not inherently address interference issues.

Omnidirectional Antenna: This type of antenna broadcasts signals in all directions but does not mitigate interference.

Captive Portal: A web page that users must view and interact with before accessing a network, unrelated to frequency interference.

Ad Hoc Network: A decentralized wireless network that does not address interference issues directly.

Implementation:

Switch Wi-Fi devices to the 5GHz band if supported by the network infrastructure and client devices.

Configure Wi-Fi access points to use non-overlapping channels within the 2.4GHz band to minimize interference.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the only dynamic routing protocol used across the internet. It's classified as an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP), responsible for routing between different autonomous systems (ASes).

A. EIGRP and D. OSPF are Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), used within organizations.

C. RIP is an outdated IGP with limited use, unsuitable for internet-scale routing.

???? Reference:

CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Official Objectives: 3.1 – Compare and contrast various routing technologies.

A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack leverages multiple computers or bots (botnet) to flood a target system with requests, overwhelming its resources and making it unavailable to legitimate users. This is a common tactic used by attackers to disrupt services. The document explains:

“A DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack involves multiple computers (often called bots) simultaneously sending requests to a single resource, overwhelming the system and causing a denial of service to legitimate users.”

The netstat command provides information about network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships. Running netstat on the server can help the administrator verify that the web server process is listening on the expected port (e.g., port 80 for HTTP or port 443 for HTTPS) and that there are no issues with network connections. This is a crucial first step in diagnosing why the web server is not accessible via a browser.References: CompTIA Network+ study materials. ​

After implementing a solution and putting preventive measures in place, the next step is to verify that the system is functioning correctly. This ensures that the issue has been fully resolved.

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If the user cannot communicate with 192.168.10.1, they might be on a different subnet. Changing the subnet mask to 255.255.255.0 ensures the user and the file server are in the same subnet.

Breakdown of Options:

A. Changing the IPv4 address to 192.168.10.1 – This would conflict with the server's IP.

B. Changing the subnet mask to 255.255.255.0 – ✅ Correct answer. Ensures both the user and the server are on the same subnet.

C. Changing the DNS servers – DNS does not affect local network connectivity.

D. Changing the physical address – The MAC address does not impact subnet communication.

Quality of Service (QoS): This is a feature used in networking to prioritize certain types of traffic. By configuring QoS, network administrators can allocate higher bandwidth to time-sensitive applications like VoIP, video conferencing, or critical business applications during peak usage times. This helps to reduce latency and packet loss, which are often caused by congestion.

Load Balancing (A): While load balancing is useful in distributing traffic across multiple servers or paths, it does not address congestion on a single switch.

Port Mirroring (B): This is used for monitoring network traffic for troubleshooting and diagnostics but does not alleviate congestion.

Spanning Tree Protocol (D): STP prevents switching loops in redundant network topologies, but it is not designed to handle traffic prioritization or congestion issues.

This describes a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) loop. If STP isn’t correctly configured or a redundant link is added without STP protection, it causes broadcast storms and network outages.

A. Unused ports disabled would not affect the entire network.

B. Missing default gateway on a switch doesn’t cause total network loss.

**C. Connecting a switch to an access port can cause VLAN mismatches, but not total connectivity loss unless a loop forms.

???? Reference:

CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Official Objectives: 3.6 – Explain the characteristics of network topologies and types.

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