Amazon Web Services SAP-C02 Exam Questions Free Practice Test

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Questions # 106:

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. In a linked AWS account, the company has Amazon EC2 instances that are running for different projects. The company uses cost allocation tags for the EC2 instances and the Amazon EBS volumes to map the resources to the different projects. After a project is finished, the company terminates the EC2 instances and the EBS volumes.

Occasionally, EC2 instances and EBS volumes are not tagged. In these cases, the company struggles to map the resources to the correct project. A solutions architect must create an SCP to prevent the creation of EC2 instances and EBS volumes without the project tags.

Which SCP will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create an SCP that denies ec2:RunInstances when the aws:RequestTag/Project condition key is null for EC2 instance and EBS volume resources.

Create an SCP that denies ec2:StartInstances when the aws:RequestTag/Project condition key is null for EC2 instance and EBS volume resources.

Create an SCP that denies ec2:RunInstances when the aws:CostAllocationTag/Project condition key is null for EC2 instance and EBS volume resources.

Create an SCP that denies ec2:StartInstances when the aws:CostAllocationTag/Project condition key is null for EC2 instance and EBS volume resources.

Expert Solution

Questions # 107:

A research company conducts mathematical simulations in the AWS Cloud. The simulations run on several hundred Amazon EC2 Linux instances. If a simulation encounters an issue, an engineer establishes an SSH connection to the affected EC2 instance.

Company policy requires that each EC2 instance session is established with a unique SSH key and that all SSH connections are logged in AWS CloudTrail. CloudTrail is enabled for the company’s account and the AWS Regions that the company uses.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Expert Solution

Answer

Answer:

Launch new EC2 instances. Generate an individual SSH key for each new EC2 instance. Store the SSH key in AWS Secrets Manager. Create a new IAM policy. Attach the IAM policy to the engineers ' IAM role with an Allow statement for the GetSecretValue action. Instruct the engineers to retrieve the SSH key from Secrets Manager when the engineers connect through any SSH client.

Answer:

Create an AWS Systems Manager document to run commands on EC2 instances to set a new unique SSH key. Create a new IAM policy. Attach the IAM policy to the engineers ' IAM role with an Allow statement to run Systems Manager documents. Instruct the engineers to run the document to set an SSH key and to connect through any SSH client.

Answer:

Launch new EC2 instances without setting up any SSH key for the new EC2 instances. Set up EC2 Instance Connect on each new EC2 instance. Create a new IAM policy. Attach the IAM policy to the engineers ' IAM role with an Allow statement for the SendSSHPublicKey action. Instruct the engineers to connect to the EC2 instances by using Instance Connect from the AWS CLI.

Answer:

Set up AWS Secrets Manager to store the EC2 SSH key. Create an AWS Lambda function to create a new SSH key and to call AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to set the SSH key on the EC2 instance. Configure Secrets Manager to use the Lambda function to automatically rotate the SSH key once daily. Instruct the engineers to retrieve the SSH key from Secrets Manager when the engineers connect through any SSH client.

Answer:

C is correct because EC2 Instance Connect pushes a temporary SSH public key to the instance for a short connection window instead of relying on long-lived shared key pairs. This satisfies the requirement that each SSH session use a unique key. AWS documentation states that the SendSSHPublicKey API pushes an SSH public key to the specified instance and that the key remains for 60 seconds. EC2 API calls, including SendSSHPublicKey, are recorded in CloudTrail, which gives the company auditable connection records. Secrets Manager key storage does not inherently log actual SSH connection attempts and still leaves operational complexity around key retrieval and rotation. Systems Manager documents also do not provide the clean session-specific SSH key behavior that EC2 Instance Connect provides.

Questions # 108:

A company plans to refactor a monolithic application into a modern application designed deployed or AWS. The CLCD pipeline needs to be upgraded to support the modem design for the application with the following requirements

• It should allow changes to be released several times every hour.

* It should be able to roll back the changes as quickly as possible.

Which design will meet these requirements?

Options:

Deploy a Cl-CD pipeline that incorporates AMIs to contain the application and their configurations Deploy the application by replacing Amazon EC2 instances

Specify AWS Elastic Beanstak to sage in a secondary environment as the deployment target for the CI/CD pipeline of the application. To deploy swap the staging and production environment URLs.

Use AWS Systems Manager to re-provision the infrastructure for each deployment Update the Amazon EC2 user data to pull the latest code art-fact from Amazon S3 and use Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to point to the new environment

Roll out the application updates as pan of an Auto Scaling event using prebuilt AMIs. Use new versions of the AMIs to add instances, and phase out all instances that use the previous AMI version with the configured termination policy during a deployment event.

Expert Solution

Questions # 109:

A global company has a mobile app that displays ticket barcodes. Customers use the tickets on the mobile app to attend live events. Event scanners read the ticket barcodes and call a backend API to validate the barcode data against data in a database. After the barcode is scanned, the backend logic writes to the database ' s single table to mark the barcode as used. The company needs to deploy the app on AWS with a DNS name of api.example.com. The company will host the database in three AWS Regions around the world. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LOWEST latency?

Options:

Host the database on Amazon Aurora global database clusters. Host the backend on three Amazon ECS clusters that are in the same Regions as the database. Create an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator to route requests to the nearest ECS cluster. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that maps api.example.com to the accelerator endpoint.

Host the database on Amazon Aurora global database clusters. Host the backend on three Amazon EKS clusters that are in the same Regions as the database. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution with the three clusters as origins. Route requests to the nearest EKS cluster. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that maps api.example.com to the CloudFront distribution.

Host the database on Amazon DynamoDB global tables. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Associate the CloudFront distribution with a CloudFront function that contains the backend logic to validate the barcodes. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that maps api.example.com to the CloudFront distribution.

Host the database on Amazon DynamoDB global tables. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Associate the CloudFront distribution with a Lambda@Edge function that contains the backend logic to validate the barcodes. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that maps api.example.com to the CloudFront distribution.

Expert Solution

Questions # 110:

A company is developing a new serverless API by using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The company integrated the Lambda functions with API Gateway to use several shared libraries and custom classes.

A solutions architect needs to simplify the deployment of the solution and optimize for code reuse.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes into a Docker image. Store the image in an S3 bucket. Create a Lambda layer that uses the Docker image as the source. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the Lambda layer.

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes to a Docker image. Upload the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Create a Lambda layer that uses the Docker image as the source. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the Lambda layer.

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes to a Docker container in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) by using the AWS Fargate launch type. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the deployed container as a Lambda layer.

Deploy the shared libraries, custom classes, and code for the API ' s Lambda functions to a Docker image. Upload the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Configure the API ' s Lambda functions to use the Docker image as the deployment package.

Expert Solution

Questions # 111:

A solutions architect is planning to migrate critical Microsoft SOL Server databases to AWS. Because the databases are legacy systems, the solutions architect will move the databases to a modern data architecture. The solutions architect must migrate the databases with near-zero downtime.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Use AWS Application Migration Service and the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT). Perform an In-place upgrade before the migration. Export the migrated data to Amazon Aurora Serverless after cutover. Repoint the applications to Amazon Aurora.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to Rehost the database. Set Amazon S3 as a target. Set up change data capture (CDC) replication. When the source and destination are fully synchronized, load the data from Amazon S3 into an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB Instance.

Use native database high availability tools Connect the source system to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance Configure replication accordingly. When data replication is finished, transition the workload to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance.

Use AWS Application Migration Service. Rehost the database server on Amazon EC2. When data replication is finished, detach the database and move the database to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance. Reattach the database and then cut over all networking.

Expert Solution

Questions # 112:

A company runs a serverless application in a single AWS Region. The application accesses external URLs and extracts metadata from those sites. The company uses an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to publish URLs to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue An AWS Lambda function uses the queue as an event source and processes the URLs from the queue Results are saved to an Amazon S3 bucket

The company wants to process each URL other Regions to compare possible differences in site localization URLs must be published from the existing Region. Results must be written to the existing S3 bucket in the current Region.

Which combination of changes will produce multi-Region deployment that meets these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

Deploy the SOS queue with the Lambda function to other Regions.

Subscribe the SNS topic in each Region to the SQS queue.

Subscribe the SQS queue in each Region to the SNS topics in each Region.

Configure the SQS queue to publish URLs to SNS topics in each Region.

Deploy the SNS topic and the Lambda function to other Regions.

Expert Solution

Questions # 113:

A company needs to use an AWS Transfer Family SFTP-enabled server with an Amazon S3 bucket to receive updates from a third-party data supplier. The data is encrypted with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) encryption The company needs a solution that will automatically decrypt the data after the company receives the data

A solutions architect will use a Transfer Family managed workflow The company has created an 1AM service role by using an 1AM policy that allows access to AWS Secrets Manager and the S3 bucket The role ' s trust relationship allows the transfer amazonaws com service to assume the rote

What should the solutions architect do next to complete the solution for automatic decryption ' ?

Options:

Store the PGP public key in Secrets Manager Add a nominal step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP encryption parameters in the nominal step Associate the workflow with the Transfer Family server

Store the PGP private key in Secrets Manager Add an exception-handling step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP encryption parameters in the exception handler Associate the workflow with the SFTP user

Store the PGP private key in Secrets Manager Add a nominal step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files. Configure PGP decryption parameters in the nominal step Associate the workflow with the Transfer Family server

Store the PGP public key in Secrets Manager Add an exception-handling step in the TransferFamily managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP decryption parameters in the exception handler Associate the workflow with the SFTP user

Expert Solution

Questions # 114:

A solutions architect is designing the data storage and retrieval architecture for a new application that a company will be launching soon. The application is designed to ingest millions of small records per minute from devices all around the world. Each record is less than 4 KB in size and needs to be stored in a durable location where it can be retrieved with low latency. The data is ephemeral and the company is required to store the data for 120 days only, after which the data can be deleted.

The solutions architect calculates that, during the course of a year, the storage requirements would be about 10-15 TB.

Which storage strategy is the MOST cost-effective and meets the design requirements?

Options:

Design the application to store each incoming record as a single .csv file in an Amazon S3 bucket to allow for indexed retrieval. Configure a lifecycle policy to delete data older than 120 days.

Design the application to store each incoming record in an Amazon DynamoDB table properly configured for the scale. Configure the DynamoOB Time to Live (TTL) feature to delete records older than 120 days.

Design the application to store each incoming record in a single table in an Amazon RDS MySQL database. Run a nightly cron job that executes a query to delete any records older than 120 days.

Design the application to batch incoming records before writing them to an Amazon S3 bucket. Update the metadata for the object to contain the list of records in the batch and use the Amazon S3 metadata search feature to retrieve the data. Configure a lifecycle policy to delete the data after 120 days.

Expert Solution

Questions # 115:

A company is designing an AWS Organizations structure. The company wants to standardize a process to apply tags across the entire organization. The company will require tags with specific values when a user creates a new resource. Each of the company ' s OUs will have unique tag values.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Use an SCP to deny the creation of resources that do not have the required tags. Create a tag policy that Includes the tag values that the company has assigned to each OU. Attach the tag policies to the OUs.

Use an SCP to deny the creation of resources that do not have the required tags. Create a tag policy that includes the tag values that the company has assigned to each OU. Attach the tag policies to the organization ' s management account.

Use an SCP to allow the creation of resources only when the resources have the required tags. Create a tag policy that includes the tag values that the company has assigned to each OU. Attach the tag policies to the OUs.

Use an SCP to deny the creation of resources that do not have the required tags. Define the list of tags. Attach the SCP to the OUs

Expert Solution

Questions # 116:

A company plans to migrate a three-tiered web application from an on-premises data center to AWS The company developed the Ui by using server-side JavaScript libraries The business logic and API tier uses a Python-based web framework The data tier runs on a MySQL database

The company custom built the application to meet business requirements The company does not want to re-architect the application The company needs a solution to replatform the application to AWS with the least possible amount of development The solution needs to be highly available and must reduce operational overhead

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Deploy the UI to a static website on Amazon S3 Use Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website Build the business logic in a Docker image Store the image in AmazonElastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Fargate launch type to host the website with an Application Load Balancer in front Deploy the data layer to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster

Build the UI and business logic in Docker images Store the images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Fargate launch type to host the UI and business logic applications with an Application LoadBalancer in front Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance

Deploy the UI to a static website on Amazon S3 Use Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website Convert the business logic to AWS Lambda functions Integrate the functions with Amazon API Gateway Deploy the data layer to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster

Build the UI and business logic in Docker images Store the images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) Use Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service(Amazon EKS) with Fargate profiles to host the UI and business logic Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the data layer to Amazon DynamoDB

Expert Solution

Questions # 117:

A company hosts a multi-tier data processing application that consists of a static web application frontend and APIs that are hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances. The application stores search data on a single-node Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster that runs on an EC2 instance. The application stores additional data in a PostgreSQL database that runs on another EC2 instance. An NGINX server that is hosted on an EC2 instance serves the web application.

The company has experienced some support issues with the application and wants to modernize the application.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

Create an Amazon ECS cluster that runs on AWS Fargate. Configure the ECS cluster to pull images from the Amazon ECR public repositories for OpenSearch Service, PostgreSQL, and NGINX and from a private repository for the APIs.

Host the web application on Amazon CloudFront by using an Amazon S3 origin. Use OpenSearch Service to store the search data and migrate the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL cluster. Run the APIs on AWS App Runner.

Create an Amazon EKS cluster that has a managed node group. Configure the EKS cluster to pull images from the Amazon ECR public repositories for OpenSearch Service, PostgreSQL, and NGINX and from a private repository for the APIs.

Configure AWS App Runner to pull images from the Amazon ECR public repositories for OpenSearch Service, PostgreSQL, and NGINX and from a private repository for the APIs. Deploy the images to App Runner.

Expert Solution

Answer

Explanation

The company’s goal is to modernize the application while minimizing operational overhead. The current architecture relies heavily on self-managed EC2 instances for web serving, APIs, search, and relational data storage. This increases operational burden related to patching, scaling, availability, and troubleshooting.

Option B replaces self-managed components with fully managed AWS services that are purpose-built for each workload type. Hosting the static web application on Amazon S3 with Amazon CloudFront removes the need to manage web servers such as NGINX and provides global content delivery with built-in scalability and high availability. Migrating the search data to Amazon OpenSearch Service eliminates the need to manage an EC2-based OpenSearch node, providing a managed search service with built-in scaling, patching, and monitoring. Migrating PostgreSQL to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL removes the operational overhead of managing database instances on EC2 and provides managed backups, high availability, and performance optimizations. Running APIs on AWS App Runner further reduces operational effort by abstracting infrastructure management, scaling, and deployment, allowing the team to focus on application code.

Option A still requires running and operating containerized databases and search engines, which is not recommended and does not significantly reduce operational overhead compared to EC2-based deployments. Databases and OpenSearch are better consumed as managed services rather than as containers.

Option C introduces Amazon EKS, which adds significant operational complexity. Even with managed node groups, Kubernetes requires cluster management, networking configuration, upgrades, and ongoing operational expertise. This contradicts the requirement for the least operational overhead.

Option D attempts to run databases and OpenSearch on AWS App Runner. App Runner is designed for stateless web services and APIs, not for stateful services such as databases or search engines. This architecture is not aligned with AWS best practices and would introduce reliability and operational challenges.

Therefore, using managed services such as Amazon CloudFront, Amazon S3, Amazon OpenSearch Service, Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL, and AWS App Runner provides the most modern architecture with the least operational overhead.

[References:AWS documentation on application modernization best practices using managed services to reduce operational responsibility.AWS documentation on Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 for hosting static web applications.AWS documentation on Amazon OpenSearch Service as a managed search and analytics service.AWS documentation on Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL for managed relational databases.AWS documentation on AWS App Runner for running containerized APIs without infrastructure management., , , ]

Questions # 118:

A company runs an loT application in the AWS Cloud. The company has millions of sensors that collect data from houses in the United States. The sensors use the MOTT protocol to connect and send data to a custom MQTT broker. The MQTT broker stores the data on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The sensors connect to the broker through the domain named iot.example.com. The company uses Amazon Route 53 as its DNS service. The company stores the data in Amazon DynamoDB.

On several occasions, the amount of data has overloaded the MOTT broker and has resulted in lost sensor data. The company must improve the reliability of the solution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an Auto Scaling group for the MOTT broker. Use the Auto Scaling group as the target for the ALB. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to an alias record. Point the alias record to the ALB. Use the MQTT broker to store the data.

Set up AWS loT Core to receive the sensor data. Create and configure a custom domain to connect to AWS loT Core. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to point to the AWS loT Core Data-ATS endpoint. Configure an AWS loT rule to store the data.

Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Set the MQTT broker as the target. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator. Set the NLB as the endpoint for the accelerator. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to a multivalue answer record. Set the Global Accelerator IP addresses as values. Use the MQTT broker to store the data.

Set up AWS loT Greengrass to receive the sensor data. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to point to the AWS loT Greengrass endpoint. Configure an AWS loT rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to store the data.

Expert Solution

Questions # 119:

A North American company with headquarters on the East Coast is deploying a new web application running on Amazon EC2 in the us-east-1 Region. The application should dynamically scale to meet user demand and maintain resiliency. Additionally, the application must have disaster recover capabilities in an active-passive configuration with the us-west-1 Region.

Which steps should a solutions architect take after creating a VPC in the us-east-1 Region?

Options:

Create a VPC in the us-west-1 Region. Use inter-Region VPC peering to connect both VPCs. Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs in each Region as part of an Auto Scaling group spanning both VPCs and served by the ALB.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs as part of an Auto Scaling group served by the ALB. Deploy the same solution to the us-west-1 Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 record set with a failover routing policy and health checks enabled to provide high availability across both Regions.

Create a VPC in the us-west-1 Region. Use inter-Region VPC peering to connect both VPCs. Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that spans both VPCs. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones as part of an Auto Scaling group in each VPC served by the ALB. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that points to the ALB.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs as part of an Auto Scaling group served by the ALB. Deploy the same solution to the us-west-1 Region. Create separate Amazon Route 53 records in each Region that point to the ALB in the Region. Use Route 53 health checks to provide high availability across both Regions.

Expert Solution

Questions # 120:

A company has dozens of AWS accounts for different teams, applications, and environments. The company has defined a custom set of controls that all accounts must have. The company is concerned that potential misconfigurations in the accounts could lead to security issues or noncompliance. A solutions architect must design a solution that deploys the custom controls by using infrastructure as code (IaC) in a repeatable way. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

Configure AWS Config rules in each account to evaluate the account settings against the custom controls. Define AWS Lambda functions in AWS CloudFormation templates. Program the Lambda functions to remediate noncompliant AWS Config rules. Deploy the CloudFormation templates as stack sets during account creation. Configure the stack sets to invoke the Lambda functions.

Configure AWS Systems Manager associations to remediate configuration issues across accounts. Define the desired configuration state in an AWS CloudFormation template by using AWS::SSM::Association. Deploy the CloudFormation templates as stack sets to all accounts during account creation.

Enable AWS Control Tower to set up and govern the multi-account environment. Use blueprints that enforce security best practices. Use Customizations for AWS Control Tower and CloudFormation templates to define the custom controls for each account. Use Amazon EventBridge to deploy Customizations for AWS Control Tower during account-provisioning lifecycle events.

Enable AWS Security Hub in all the accounts to aggregate findings in a central administrator account. Develop AWS CloudFormation templates to create Amazon EventBridge rules, AWS Lambda functions, and CloudFormation stacks in each account to remediate Security Hub findings. Deploy the CloudFormation stacks during account provisioning to set up the automated remediation.

Expert Solution

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