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Field aliases in Splunk are alternate names assigned to fields. These can be particularly useful for normalizing data from different sources or simply for making field names more intuitive. Once an alias is created for a field, it can be used across various Splunk knowledge objects, enhancing their flexibility and utility.

A. Calculated fields, lookups, event types, and tags: This is the correct answer. Field aliases can indeed be referenced in calculated fields, lookups, event types, and tags within Splunk. When you create an alias for a field, that alias can then be used in these knowledge objects just like any standard field name.

Calculated fields: These are expressions that can create new field values based on existing data. You can use an alias in a calculated field expression to refer to the original field.

Lookups: These are used to enrich your event data by referencing external data sources. If you've created an alias for a field that matches a field in your lookup table, you can use that alias in your lookup configurations.

Event types: These are classifications for events that meet certain search criteria. You can use field aliases in the search criteria for defining an event type.

Tags: These allow you to assign meaningful labels to data, making it easier to search and report on. You can use field aliases in the search criteria that you tag.

Stacked charts represent a series in a single bar with multiple sections. A chart is a graphical representation of data that shows trends, patterns, or comparisons. A chart can have different types, such as column, bar, line, area, pie, etc. A chart can also have different modes, such as split-series, multi-series, stacked, etc. A stacked chart is a type of chart that shows multiple series in a single bar or area with different sections for each series

The search below groups events by two or more fields (clientip and host), creates transactions with start and end constraints (maxspan=30s and maxpause=5s), and calculates the duration of each transaction.

index=main | transaction clientip host maxspan=30s maxpause=5s

The search does the following:

It filters the events by the index main, which is a default index in Splunk that contains all data that is not sent to other indexes.

It uses the transaction command to group events into transactions based on two fields: clientip and host. The transaction command creates new events from groups of events that share the same clientip and host values.

It specifies the start and end constraints for the transactions using the maxspan and maxpause arguments. The maxspan argument sets the maximum time span between the first and last events in a transaction. The maxpause argument sets the maximum time span between any two consecutive events in a transaction. In this case, the maxspan is 30 seconds and the maxpause is 5 seconds, meaning that any transaction that has a longer time span or pause will be split into multiple transactions.

It creates some additional fields for each transaction, such as duration, eventcount, startime, etc. The duration field shows the time span between the first and last events in a transaction.

https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.0.2/Knowledge/SetupaGETworkflowaction

Define a GET workflow action

Steps

Navigate to Settings > Fields > Workflow Actions.

Click New to open up a new workflow action form.

Define a Label for the action.

The Label field enables you to define the text that is displayed in either the field or event workflow menu. Labels can be static or include the value of relevant fields.

Determine whether the workflow action applies to specific fields or event types in your data.

Use Apply only to the following fields to identify one or more fields. When you identify fields, the workflow action only appears for events that have those fields, either in their event menu or field menus. If you leave it blank or enter an asterisk the action appears in menus for all fields.

Use Apply only to the following event types to identify one or more event types. If you identify an event type, the workflow action only appears in the event menus for events that belong to the event type.

For Show action in determine whether you want the action to appear in the Event menu, the Fields menus, or Both.

Set Action type to link.

In URI provide a URI for the location of the external resource that you want to send your field values to.

Similar to the Label setting, when you declare the value of a field, you use the name of the field enclosed by dollar signs.

Variables passed in GET actions via URIs are automatically URL encoded during transmission. This means you can include values that have spaces between words or punctuation characters.

Under Open link in, determine whether the workflow action displays in the current window or if it opens the link in a new window.

Set the Link method to get.

Click Save to save your workflow action definition.

In Splunk, a workflow action that returns an external IP lookup for a field named domain would typically use the GET method. This HTTP method is used to retrieve data from a specified resource, which is appropriate for looking up information based on the domain field.

The recommended approach when using the Splunk Common Information Model (CIM) add-on to normalize data is A. Consult the CIM data model reference tables. This is because the CIM data model reference tables provide detailed information about the fields and tags that are expected for each dataset in a data model. By consulting the reference tables, you can determine which data models are relevant for your data source and how to map your data fields to the CIM fields. You can also use the reference tables to validate your data and troubleshoot any issues with normalization. You can find the CIM data model reference tables in the Splunk documentation1 or in the Data Model Editor page in Splunk Web2. The other options are incorrect because they are not related to the CIM add-on or data normalization. The authentication command is a custom command that validates events against the Authentication data model, but it does not help you to normalize other types of data. The correlation command is a search command that performs statistical analysis on event fields, but it does not help you to map your data fields to the CIM fields. The CIM event type reference tables do not exist, as event types are not part of the CIM add-on.

The fillnull command replaces null or missing values in specified fields with a given replacement value. In this example, the command sets the src field to "Unknown" wherever it is null. It does not affect other fields or convert values from "Unknown" back to null.

https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.0.2/SearchReference/Eval

The eval command calculates an expression and puts the resulting value into a search results field.

If the field name that you specify does not match a field in the output, a new field is added to the search results.

If the field name that you specify matches a field name that already exists in the search results, the results of the eval expression overwrite the values in that field.