Pass the Salesforce Developers PDII Questions and answers with CertsForce

The optimal way to fix the failing unit tests after adding a new required field to the Account object is to create a TestDataFactory class that serves as a centralized place to create Accounts for unit tests. This class would include the new required field, ensuring that all unit tests have the necessary data setup.

By implementing force:hasSobjectName, the Aura component can retrieve the sObject context of the record page it is placed on without needing additional information. This interface provides the component with the API name of the sObject being displayed.

For retrieving specific records using a known ID, the REST API is optimal due to its stateless, cacheable communications and lightweight structure. It's ideal for web applications that use JavaScript to make requests directly from the user’s browser. Using the REST API, the web page can make a simple HTTP GET request to the Salesforce REST service endpoint and retrieve the account information in a format that's easily handled by JavaScript (typically JSON).

The best practices for writing triggers in Salesforce include bulkifying your code to handle multiple records efficiently and reducing the number of SOQL queries, especially within loops, to avoid hitting governor limits.

Option B is correct because moving the SOQL query outside of the for loop is essential to bulkify the trigger. Performing a query within a loop can cause a SOQL governor limit to be reached if the trigger is processing many records. The best practice is to collect all necessary data before the loop starts and then process it within the loop.

Option C is correct as well, because using a Map to cache the results of a SOQL query by Id is another way to bulkify the code. This allows you to query all the necessary data once and then access it efficiently in memory, avoiding repeated queries.

Option A is incorrect because adding isExecuting before the update doesn't address any best practices related to bulkification or SOQL query optimization.

Option D is incorrect because the last line should not be removed if the developer intends to perform DML on the accountList. However, this line should be outside of the loop and is unnecessary if the trigger context is 'before insert' or 'before update', since in those contexts, changes to records in Trigger.new are implicitly saved without the need for explicit DML.

Making a callout from an Apex trigger is not allowed synchronously; hence, such callouts must be performed in an asynchronous context. The only way to perform this within the Salesforce platform is by using asynchronous Apex, such as @future methods or Queueable Apex.

Replacing custom settings with custom metadata types is a good solution to ensure that test data is consistent across environments. Custom metadata types are deployable, and their records are available in test methods by default, unlike List Custom Settings which need to be manually recreated in each environment after a refresh.

For communication between unrelated Lightning web components that are in different DOM trees, the most suitable approach is to use the Lightning Message Service (LMS). This service allows components to communicate with each other using a message channel, which is particularly useful when the components are not in the same containment hierarchy. By publishing and subscribing to messages on a message channel, components can exchange data and notifications, which is ideal for the scenario described.

Option A is the correct answer. The @wire decorator is used in conjunction with getRecord from lightning/uiRecordApi to retrieve a record from Salesforce. The syntax @wire(getRecord, { recordId: '$recordId', fields: '$fields' }) sets up a reactive property, which means it will automatically rerun whenever the recordId or fields property changes.

In a scenario where an integration requires making a callout to an external web application, Apex is often used to perform callouts. The callout must be asynchronous when being made from a trigger because a callout cannot be made from a synchronous operation like a trigger due to the possibility of long-running transactions.

Option A (An Apex trigger that calls an @future method that allows callouts) is correct because it enables the trigger to perform an asynchronous callout to the external web application, which is necessary for sending JSON payloads and receiving the resized images.

Options B, C, and D do not fit the requirement as well as option A because platform events and flows are typically not used for making direct callouts to external systems in the context described.

Using an Email Alert with Flow Builder allows for scalable solutions that can handle large volumes of emails, and it offloads the processing from Apex to Salesforce's declarative automation tools. This approach is also bulk-safe, as it does not rely on Apex code that could hit governor limits.