Pass the Nokia Nokia Bell Labs 5G Certification - Professional BL0-220 Questions and answers with CertsForce

A YAML XML template file contains the configuration of a VNF or CNF. A VNF stands for Virtual Network Function, which is a software-based network function that runs on a virtual machine or a container. A CNF stands for Cloud-native Network Function, which is a network function that is designed and implemented using cloud-native principles and technologies, such as microservices, containers, and Kubernetes. A YAML XML template file is a file that defines the structure, parameters, and dependencies of a VNF or CNF, as well as the resources and policies required to deploy and manage it. A YAML XML template file is based on the TOSCA (Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications) standard, which is a language for describing the components and relationships of complex cloud applications. A YAML XML template file is used by the MANO (Management and Orchestration) system to instantiate, configure, and operate a VNF or CNF on the cloud infrastructure. References: Nokia Bell Labs 5G Professional Certification - Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, Section 2.4: Cloud Software and Hardware Resources.

The “Stateless” service concept is indeed the most efficient for resource usage. In a stateless architecture, each request is treated as an independent transaction, unconnected to any previous request. This means that no state information is stored between transactions, which simplifies the design and scalability of systems. It allows for better resource utilization because there is no need to maintain state information over time, which can be resource-intensive. This approach aligns with the principles of RESTful services and is widely adopted in scalable web applications.

References: The concept of stateless services is a fundamental principle in distributed systems design, as discussed in the Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks learning resources. It is emphasized for its benefits in scalability and resource optimization.

The properties related to a private cloud are high CAPEX and full control. CAPEX stands for capital expenditure, which is the money spent on acquiring or upgrading physical assets such as servers, storage, and network equipment. A private cloud requires high CAPEX because the cloud owner has to invest in building and maintaining the cloud infrastructure. Full control means that the cloud owner has the exclusive authority and responsibility over the cloud resources, security, and operations. A private cloud offers full control because the cloud owner can customize the cloud according to their specific needs and preferences, and can ensure the privacy and compliance of their data and applications. References: Nokia Cloud Platform, Module by Module - Self Study Note Guide

The most appropriate word to complete the sentence is benefits. The public cloud ecosystem offers many benefits to users, such as scalability, flexibility, cost-efficiency, and innovation12. Constraints, problems, and operability are not suitable words to describe the advantages of the public cloud ecosystem over the simple consumption of resources. References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 1: Cloud Ecosystem, slide 7 2: Nokia Bell Labs 5G Certification Program - Blended Learning, Section 2: Distributed Cloud Networks, slide 9

Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud computing offering that provides users with access to a vendor's cloud-based software. Users do not install applications on their local devices. Instead, the applications reside on a remote cloud network accessed through the web or an API. Within this context, Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) is considered a form of SaaS, where the service provider manages the database's installation, maintenance, backup, and scaling needs on behalf of the customer. Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without dealing with the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and launching an app. PaaS can include various software components, including database management systems, and thus can be considered a subset of SaaS.

Kubernetes is an orchestrator, which is a software system that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications1. Kubernetes allows users to define the desired state and configuration of their applications, and then ensures that the actual state matches the desired state2. Kubernetes also provides features such as service discovery, loadbalancing, storage management, and self-healing3. Therefore, option B best describes Kubernetes, while options A, C, and D are incorrect. References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, Topic: Microservices and Containerization 2: What is Kubernetes? | Kubernetes, Overview 3: Kubernetes - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics, Overview

The ETSI MANO Model operational stack is defined as Orchestration above Network Function Management above Infrastructure Management. The ETSI MANO Model is a framework that defines the architecture and interfaces for the management and orchestration of network functions virtualization (NFV) in cloud networks1. The ETSI MANO Model consists of three main components: Infrastructure Management, Network Function Management, and Orchestration2. Infrastructure Management is responsible for managing the physical and virtual resources that host the network functions, such as servers, storage, switches, hypervisors, andvirtual machines2. Network Function Management is responsible for managing the configuration, monitoring, and optimization of the network functions, such as scaling, healing, and updating2. Orchestration is responsible for coordinating the allocation and release of resources for network services and network slices, such as instantiation, termination, and modification2. The ETSI MANO Model operational stack is defined as Orchestration above Network Function Management above Infrastructure Management, meaning that Orchestration is the highest level of abstraction and control, Network Function Management is the intermediate level, and Infrastructure Management is the lowest level2. References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 5: New Services Automation, Section 5.3: Orchestration 2: Module by Module - Self Study Note Guide - training2

Latency, Privacy and Capacity are the three key drivers required for video-based service in on-premise cloud. Latency refers to the delay between the source and the destination of a video stream, which affects the quality of experience for the end-users. Privacy refers to the protection of the video content and the user data from unauthorized access or leakage. Capacity refers to the ability of the network and the cloud to handle the high bandwidth and storage demands of video applications. On-premise cloud is a cloud deployment model where the cloud infrastructure is located within the enterprise premises, and is managed by the enterprise or a third-party service provider. On-premise cloud can offer lower latency, higher privacy and greater capacity for video-based service than public cloud, which is located outside the enterprise premises and is shared by multiple tenants. References: Nokia Bell Labs 5G Professional Certification - Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, Section 2.3: Cloud Deployment Models.

 A logical space in the host’s operating system and B. Is in an isolated environment. A container is a software package that bundles an application and its dependencies, and runs as an isolated process in the host’s operating system1. Containers are lightweight, portable, and scalable, and can be deployed on any cloud infrastructure2. Unlike virtual machines (VMs), containers do not need a separate operating system or hypervisor, and share the kernel of the host3. However, containers have limited access to resources, as they are restricted by the host’s capabilities and the container runtime4. References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, Section 2.2: Cloud Virtualization 2: Nokia Container Services, Overview 3: Nokia Cloud Platform, Overview 4: Containers vs. virtual machines: What’s the difference?, Comparison

Network Service Orchestration is the process of managing the lifecycle of network services across multiple domains and technologies. It automates NFV service bydeploying, configuring, and scaling virtual network functions (VNFs) on demand. It is part of the 5G key enablers because it supports the dynamic and flexible provisioning of network slices and edge cloud applications. It does not increase operational complexity, but rather simplifies and optimizes it by using AI/ML and closed loop automation.

References:

Nokia Bell Labs 5G Professional Certification - Distributed Cloud Networks | Nokia Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 4: Operating Your Cloud, slide 8

Nokia Bell Labs 5G Certification Program - Courses | Nokia, Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 4: Operating Your Cloud