Pass the Fortinet Public Cloud Security FCP_FWB_AD-7.4 Questions and answers with CertsForce

It was upgraded to a different version after initial installation: The device has multiple partitions with different firmware versions (6.4.0 and 6.4.1), indicating that it was upgraded after the initial installation from version 6.4.0 to 6.4.1.

FortiWeb is primarily designed to handle HTTP and HTTPS traffic, protecting web applications from various threats. By default, when operating in reverse proxy mode, FortiWeb does not forward non-HTTP/HTTPS protocols to protected servers. However, administrators can configure FortiWeb to handle non-HTTP/HTTPS traffic differently using the config router setting command. This command allows enabling IP-based forwarding (routing) for non-HTTP/HTTPS traffic. When enabled, FortiWeb can route non-HTTP traffic through itself to the appropriate backend servers. ​

Despite this capability, any non-HTTP/HTTPS traffic that is destined directly for a FortiWeb virtual server IP address is dropped. This means that while FortiWeb can be configured to forward non-HTTP/HTTPStraffic to backend servers, it will not process non-HTTP/HTTPS traffic targeted at its own virtual server IPs. ​

Regarding IPv6 routing, FortiWeb does support IPv6 in various operation modes, including reverse proxy, offline inspection, and transparent inspection. However, enabling IPv6 routing requires specific configurations and is not automatically enabled by default. ​

Making a secondary HTTPS connection to a server where FortiWeb acts as a client: When FortiWeb needs to connect to an external server via HTTPS (acting as a client), it may use its own certificates for that connection.

An administrator session connecting to the GUI using HTTPS: FortiWeb uses its own certificates to secure the HTTPS connection between the administrator and the FortiWeb GUI. This ensures secure access for management purposes.

The best way to limit brute force login attacks on FortiWeb is to configure a brute force login custom policy. FortiWeb provides the ability to detect and mitigate brute force login attempts by automatically limiting the number of failed login attempts within a specific time period. This approach allows you to block or rate limit suspicious IP addresses while still allowing legitimate users access, based on your configuration.

The first layer of the FortiWeb anomaly machine learning (ML) analysis mechanism focuses on analyzing traffic and creating a probability model for parameters and HTTP methods to detect potential anomalies. It also assesses traffic patterns over time to determine whether certain behavior is anomalous. These functions are key to understanding and classifying traffic before further analysis is done.

The web application is unable to accept any more connections because of network socket exhaustion: A Denial of Service (DoS) attack often floods the web server with an overwhelming number of requests, leading to network socket exhaustion. This can prevent the server from accepting new legitimate connections, effectively disrupting service.

The web application server is unable to accept new client sessions due to memory exhaustion: DoS attacks can consume a significant amount of server memory, causing memory exhaustion. This results in the web application being unable to accept new client sessions or handle requests properly.

The quickest detection for an SQL injection attack like the one described ('root'; --) would be through known signatures. FortiWeb utilizes signature-based detection to match incoming traffic against predefined attack patterns. Since SQL injection attacks are commonly known and have specific patterns (such as 'root'; --), known signatures would immediately recognize and flag this type of attack.

Bot ML models analyze multiple connections over time instead of analyzing each connection as a single unit: This is the key distinction. Bot ML models focus on analyzing patterns over a period of time, looking at behavioral patterns across multiple requests or connections from the same source to identify potential bot activity. Unlike traditional anomaly detection or API models that may focus on single connections or individual transactions, bot detection typically examines aggregated behavior to identify patterns indicative of bots, such as high-frequency requests or unusual traffic flows.

Place FortiWeb in front of FortiADC: This configuration change places FortiWeb between the client and FortiADC, so that FortiWeb can directly inspect and protect the incoming traffic before FortiADC applies SNAT (Source Network Address Translation). By placing FortiWeb in front, it will have access to the real client IP addresses, and it will be able to properly identify and handle attack traffic without blocking legitimate client traffic.

Enable and configure the Use X-Forwarded-For setting on FortiWeb: This setting allows FortiWeb to extract the original client IP address from the X-Forwarded-For header in the HTTP request, which is inserted by FortiADC when performing SNAT. With this setting enabled, FortiWeb will be able to block traffic based on the original client IP address rather than the SNATed IP address (192.0.2.1), preserving the accuracy of the security measures.

FortiWeb is a Web Application Firewall (WAF) designed to protect web applications from various threats. Among its features, FortiWeb supports Layer 7 routing methods, which operate based on the content of the HTTP/HTTPS traffic.​

HTTP Content Routingrefers to the capability of directing incoming web traffic to specific backend servers based on characteristics found within the HTTP requests, such as URL paths, headers, or other content. This allows for more granular and efficient distribution of traffic, ensuring that requests are handled by the appropriate servers based on their content.​

Analysis of Options:

A. URL policy routing: While this term suggests routing decisions based on URL policies, it is not a standard term used in FortiWeb's documentation. FortiWeb's content routing encompasses URL-based decisions, making this option less precise.​

B. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First): This is a Layer 3 routing protocol used for IP routing within an Autonomous System. It operates at the network layer and is not related to Layer 7 routing methods.​

C. BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): Another Layer 3 routing protocol, BGP is used for routing between Autonomous Systems on the internet. It does not pertain to Layer 7 or application-layer routing.​

D. HTTP content routing: This aligns with FortiWeb's capabilities to make routing decisions based on the content of HTTP requests, such as URL paths, headers, or other application-layer data. This is a Layer 7 routing method supported by FortiWeb.

Therefore, the correct answer isD. HTTP content routing.​

References:

FortiWeb 7.2.6 Administration Guide: "FortiWeb provides advanced Layer 7 load balancing and authentication offload services." ​cloud.orange-business.com

FortiWeb Data Sheet: "FortiWeb provides advanced Layer 7 load balancing and authentication offload services." ​Exclusive Networks

FortiWeb on OCB-FE - Installation and Deployment Guide: "FortiWeb provides advanced Layer 7 load balancing and authentication offload services." ​cloud.orange-business.com

These references confirm that FortiWeb supports HTTP content routing as a Layer 7 routing method.