A complete and realistic backlog must include not only functional stories but also non-functional and support tasks such as infrastructure setup, analysis, and design. The PMI Agile Practice Guide (Section 5.2: Backlog Composition) and Mike Griffiths’ PMI-ACP Exam Prep Book (Chapter 6: Adaptive Planning) emphasize including all types of work in the backlog to ensure accurate effort planning.
Option D is correct: effort must include technical tasks, not just feature delivery.
Option A suggests speculation on velocity and cost increases, which is unreliable.
Option B and C (adding buffers or padding estimates) violate agile’s principle of transparency and simplicity.
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