Adult learning principles (e.g., Knowles’ theory) emphasize tailoring education to the learners’ needs, experiences, and expectations to ensure relevance and engagement.

Option A (Determine the audience's knowledge and expectations): This is the correct answer. The NAHQ CPHQ study guide states, “According to adult learning principles, the first step in preparing training is to assess the audience’s knowledge, needs, and expectations to design relevant content” (Domain 3). This ensures the presentation addresses gaps and aligns with learner needs.

Option B (Develop an evaluation tool for the presentation): Evaluation tools are developed later to assess learning, not as the first step.

Option C (Present an inservice for the staff): Presenting is the final step, not preparation.

Option D (Obtain administrative support for the presentation): Support is important but secondary to understanding the audience’s needs.

CPHQ Objective Reference: Domain 3: Organizational Leadership, Objective 3.3, “Develop training programs,” emphasizes applying adult learning principles. The NAHQ study guide notes, “Assessing the audience’s baseline knowledge is critical for effective training design” (Domain 3).

Rationale: Understanding the audience’s knowledge and expectations ensures the presentation is relevant and effective, aligning with CPHQ’s training principles.