An indirect loss is a consequential financial loss that results from a direct physical loss. The fire damage to the factory would be the direct loss; the income lost because the factory cannot operate after the fire is the indirect loss. This distinction is essential in property insurance because ordinary property coverage responds to physical damage to insured property, while business interruption or loss-of-income coverage is needed to address the financial consequences of interrupted operations. Option A describes a direct physical loss caused by arson. Option B is a liability exposure, not an indirect property loss. Option D describes direct water damage caused by an intentional act. The correct answer is therefore C because it identifies the financial consequence following the insured event. Brokers must understand this distinction when assessing commercial clients, because a client may survive the physical damage but fail financially due to continuing expenses, lost revenue, payroll obligations, and delayed reopening. References/topics: Property Insurance—Exposures; direct loss, indirect loss, business interruption, loss of income.