Working capital management focuses on short-term assets and liabilities to ensure a business has enough cash and liquid assets to meet its short-term obligations. Effective management of working capital directly impacts liquidity, allowing an organization to maintain operational stability.
Let’s analyze each option:
Option A: Liquidity.
Correct.
Liquidity refers to an organization’s ability to meet its short-term obligations, such as payroll, supplier payments, and operational expenses.
Working capital management ensures sufficient cash flow and current assets to cover immediate liabilities, making liquidity the primary concern.
IIA Reference: Internal auditors assess financial risk by evaluating liquidity management and cash flow strategies. (IIA Practice Guide: Auditing Liquidity Risk Management)
Option B: Profitability.
Incorrect.
While working capital impacts profitability (e.g., through cost control and investment decisions), profitability is more related to revenue and cost management, not just liquidity.
Option C: Solvency.
Incorrect.
Solvency refers to a company's long-term financial stability and its ability to meet debts over time.
Working capital is a short-term financial measure and does not directly determine solvency.
Option D: Efficiency.
Incorrect.
Efficiency relates to resource utilization and operational effectiveness, which are indirectly affected by working capital management but are not its primary focus.
Thus, the verified answer is A. Liquidity.
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