Daniel’s action of making a copy of computer programs while maintaining or repairing the system aligns with the provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). The DMCA allows for certain exemptions related to circumventing technological protection measures (TPMs) for purposes of maintenance or repair1. Specifically, section 117 of the U.S. Copyright Code permits the owner or lessee of a machine to make a copy of a computer program solely for maintenance or repair if certain conditions are met1. In this case, Daniel’s authorized copying falls within the scope of this provision. References: U.S. Copyright Code, Title 17, Section 1171.