When a prefix list is applied to a BGP neighbor, it filters routes based on the specified conditions. In this scenario, the prefix list is designed to permit prefixes that are equal to or longer than /17 but shorter than or equal to /19. Therefore:
A: 192.168.0.0/19 is denied because it falls outside the specified range.
D: 192.168.0.0/16 is denied as it is shorter than the minimum length of /17.
E: 192.168.0.0/16 is permitted because it is the exact prefix specified in the prefix list, and the ge and le modifiers apply to more specific routes derived from this prefix. References: Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) - Cisco official courseware.
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