Document analysis is a technique for collecting information from existing documents within an organisation or project. It helps to understand the current situation or problem and identify any gaps or issues that may exist. Therefore, option D is the correct answer, as document analysis would be the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork. Document analysis would help to review the content and purpose of each item of paperwork and compare it with the organisation’s objectives and requirements. Document analysis would help to evaluate the usefulness and relevance of each item of paperwork and identify any duplication or redundancy that may exist. Document analysis would help to recommend any changes or improvements to each item of paperwork and justify them with evidence and rationale. Option A is not a correct answer, as questionnaire is not the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork. Questionnaire is a technique for collecting information from stakeholders by asking them predefined questions in written form. It helps to elicit quantitative or qualitative data from a large number of stakeholders in an efficient and consistent way. Questionnaire would not be the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork, as it may not provide enough detail or explanation for each item of paperwork and may be influenced by stakeholder bias or preference. Option B is not a correct answer, as workshop is not the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork. Workshop is a technique for conducting group discussions and activities with stakeholders to elicit, analyse, validate and prioritise their views and needs. It helps to facilitate effective communication and collaboration among stakeholders and resolve conflicts or issues. Workshop would not be the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork, as it may not be practical or feasible to involve all relevant stakeholders in a workshop and may be affected by stakeholder dynamics or politics. Option C is not a correct answer, as interviews are not the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork. Interviews are a technique for collecting information from stakeholders by asking them open-ended questions in verbal form. It helps to elicit rich and detailed information from individual stakeholders in an interactive and flexible way. Interviews would not be the most effective technique in establishing the need for each item of paperwork, as it may be time-consuming and costly to interview all relevant stakeholders and may be subject to stakeholder interpretation or opinion.

References: BCS Practitioner Certificate in BAP Specimen, page 35.