Elizabenth is an external consultant who is helping a company streamline its process. She has not worked for this company before.

The managing director (MD) has explained that some of the line managers feel that this work is unnecessary, whilst others are concerned that their staff will be made redundant as a result of her recommendations. He is keen for Elizabeth to get an understanding Elizabeth with an of organization staff and for the involve line manager in formulating potential improvements. The MD has provided Elizabeth with an organizational chart, detailing the business areas she needs to investigate, as well as the names of the line managers involved.

To understand the concerns of operational staff and line managers, which pair of techniques SHOULD she use first?