Robust design focuses on improving the quality of a product by minimizing the effects of variations without eliminating the causes of those variations.

Robust Design:

Techniques to make products or processes less sensitive to variations.

Aim to ensure performance under a wide range of conditions.

Tolerance Design:

Setting acceptable ranges of variation for product dimensions or performance metrics.

Design Verification:

Testing and validating that a design meets its requirements.

Design for Maintainability:

Designing products to be easy to maintain and repair.

Choosing design settings to minimize the effect of noise aligns with robust design principles.

References: Quality engineering and design optimization textbooks, particularly those discussing Taguchi methods and robust design principles.