For an MDM solution to operate effectively, it relies on certificates, particularly for secure communication with Apple Push Notification service (APNs) and for establishing encrypted connections via SSL/TLS. An APNs certificate is required to authenticate the MDM server with Apple’s APNs infrastructure, enabling it to send push notifications to managed devices. Additionally, an SSL certificate secures the communication channel between the MDM server and the devices, ensuring data privacy and integrity. Restrictions (option B) are policies enforced by MDM but are not prerequisites for its operation. Enrollment profiles (option C) are necessary to link devices to MDM, as discussed in Question 1, but they do not specifically address the APNs and SSL requirements. Apple’s documentation, such as theMDM Protocol Reference, explicitly states that certificates are essential for APNs and SSL functionality in MDM deployments.