In the White-Collar Crime chapter, the manual discusses Diane Vaughan’s analysis of how organizations can become criminogenic. It explains that organizations can encourage strong internal loyalty through rewards, social pressures, long-term benefits, and structural practices that tie employee identity to company success. The manual specifically lists frequent transfers and long working hours as factors that encourage isolation from other groups. This isolation can strengthen loyalty to the organization and increase the organization’s inherent inclination toward unlawful behavior by narrowing outside perspectives and reinforcing internal norms. The other choices reverse or contradict Vaughan’s discussion. Encouraging portable skills and reducing long-term loyalty would generally lessen dependence on the organization, not strengthen its criminogenic tendency. Therefore, option B is the accurate answer according to the manual.

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