Pass the Cyber AB CMMC CMMC-CCP Questions and answers with CertsForce

Step 1: Understanding AC.L1-3.1.22

AC.L1-3.1.22states:"Control information posted or processed on publicly accessible systems."

This control requires organizations toensure that FCI (Federal Contract Information) is not publicly postedor made accessible in an uncontrolled manner.

FCI must beprotected from unauthorized disclosure, even if it is not classified or CUI.

Understanding the Official CUI Registry

TheControlled Unclassified Information (CUI) Registryis theauthoritative sourcefor all federal agencies'CUI categories and indices. It is maintained by theNational Archives and Records Administration (NARA)and provides:

✅Acomprehensive listof CUI categories and subcategories.

✅Details onwho can handle, store, and share CUI.

✅Guidance onCUI marking and safeguarding requirements.

Why "Official CUI Registry" is Correct?

TheOfficial CUI Registryis theonly federal resourcethat listsall CUI categories and agencies that use them.

32 CFR Section 2002(Option A) definesCUI policiesbut doesnotprovide a full listing of CUI categories.

Executive Order 13556(Option C) established theCUI Programbut doesnotmaintain an active list of categories.

The "Official CMMC Registry" (Option D) does not exist—CMMC is a security framework, not a CUI classification system.

Breakdown of Answer Choices

Option

Description

Correct?

A. 32 CFR Section 2002

❌Incorrect–Defines CUI program rules butdoes not listcategories.

B. Official CUI Registry

✅Correct – The registry contains the full list of CUI categories.

C. Executive Order 13556

❌Incorrect–Established the CUI program butdoes not maintain a category list.

D. Official CMMC Registry

❌Incorrect–No such registry exists; CMMC is a cybersecurity framework, not a CUI classification system.

Official References from CMMC 2.0 and Federal Documentation

National Archives (NARA) CUI Registry– The authoritative source forall federal agency CUI categories.

32 CFR 2002– Provides CUIpolicy guidancebut refers agencies to theOfficial CUI Registryfor classification.

Final Verification and Conclusion

The correct answer isB. Official CUI Registry, as it is theonly official source listing all federal agencies' CUI indices and categories.

Understanding Training Requirements in CMMC

The requirement for ensuring thatpersonnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilitiesfirst appears inCMMC Level 2as part ofNIST SP 800-171 control AT.L2-3.2.1.

Key Details on the Training Requirement:

✔AT.L2-3.2.1: "Ensure that personnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilities."

✔This control is derived fromNIST SP 800-171and applies toCMMC Level 2 (Advanced).

✔It ensures that employees handlingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)understand theircybersecurity responsibilities.

Why is the Correct Answer "B. Level 2"?

A. Level 1 → Incorrect

CMMC Level 1 does not include this training requirement.Level 1 focuses on basic safeguarding ofFederal Contract Information (FCI)but doesnot require formal cybersecurity training.

B. Level 2 → Correct

The training requirement (AT.L2-3.2.1) first appears in CMMC Level 2, which aligns withNIST SP 800-171.

C. Level 3 → Incorrect

The training requirementalready exists in Level 2. Level 3 builds on Level 2 with additionalrisk management and advanced cybersecurity controls, but training is introduced at Level 2.

D. All levels → Incorrect

CMMC Level 1 does not include this requirement—it is first introduced in Level 2.

CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:

NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.2.1)

Defines themandatory training requirementfor personnel handling CUI.

CMMC Assessment Guide for Level 2

ListsAT.L2-3.2.1as a required practice under Level 2.

CMMC 2.0 Model Overview

Confirms thatCMMC Level 2 aligns with NIST SP 800-171, which includes security training requirements.

Understanding the “Verify Evidence and Record Gaps” Activity in a CMMC Assessment

During aCMMC Level 2 Assessment, theAssessment Teamfollows a structured methodology toverify evidenceand determine whether theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)has met all required practices. One of the key activities in this process is"Verify Evidence and Record Gaps", which ensures that the assessment findings accurately reflect any missing or inadequate compliance evidence.

Step-by-Step Breakdown:

✅1. Primary Intent: Identifying Gaps Between Required and Collected Evidence

TheAssessment Teamcompares the evidence provided by the OSC against theCMMC practice requirements.

If evidence ismissing, insufficient, or inconsistent, assessors mustdocument the gapand describe what is lacking.

This ensures that compliance deficiencies are clearly identified, allowing the OSC to understand what must be corrected.

✅2. How This Process Works in a CMMC Assessment

Assessorsreview collected documentation, system configurations, policies, and interview responses.

They verify that the evidencematches the expected implementationof a practice.

If gaps exist, they arerecordedfor discussion and potential remediation before assessment completion.

✅3. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:

(A) Map test and demonstration responses to CMMC practices.❌

Incorrect:While mapping evidence to CMMC practices is part of the assessment, theprimary intentof the "Verify Evidence and Record Gaps" step is toidentify deficiencies, not just mapping responses.

(B) Conduct interviews to test process implementation knowledge.❌

Incorrect:Interviews are a method used during evidence collection, but they arenot the primary focusof the verification and gap analysis step.

(C) Determine the one-to-one relationship between a practice and an assessment object.❌

Incorrect:The assessment teamreviews multiple sources of evidencefor each practice, and some practices require multiple assessment objects. The goal isnot a strict one-to-one mappingbut rathera holistic validation of compliance.

Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:

TheCMMC Assessment Process Guidestates that"Verify Evidence and Record Gaps"is the step where assessorscompare expected evidence against what has been provided and document discrepancies. This ensurestransparent assessment findings and remediation planning.

Thus, the correct answer is:

D. Identify and describe differences between what the Assessment Team required and the evidence collected.

CMMC Level 1 includes 17 practices derived fromFAR 52.204-21. Among them, theMedia Protection (MP) practicerequires organizations to ensure thatmedia containing FCI is sanitized or destroyed before disposal or release for reuseto prevent unauthorized access.

This requirement ensures that any storage devices, hard drives, USBs, or physical documents containingFederal Contract Information (FCI)areproperly disposed of or sanitizedto prevent data leakage.

The evidence collected for this practice should demonstrate that an organization has established and followed propermedia sanitization or destruction procedures.

Why the Correct Answer is "B. Adequate"?

TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guideoutlines that for an assessment to be considered complete, all submitted evidence must meet the standard ofadequacybefore it is accepted by the Lead Assessor.

Definition of "Adequate" Evidence in CMMC:

Evidence isadequatewhen itfully demonstrates that a practice has been performed as requiredby CMMC guidelines.

TheLead Assessorevaluates whether the submitted documentation meets the CMMC 2.0 Level 1 requirements.

If the evidenceaccurately and completely demonstrates the sanitization or destruction of media containing FCI, then it meets the standard ofadequacy.

Why Not the Other Options?

A. Official– While the evidence may come from an official source, the CMMCdoes not require evidence to be "official", only that it beadequateto confirm compliance.

C. Compliant– Compliance is the final result of an assessment, but before compliance is determined, the evidence must first beadequatefor evaluation.

D. Subjective– CMMC evidence isobjective, meaning it should be based on verifiable documents, policies, logs, and procedures—not opinions or interpretations.

Relevant CMMC 2.0 References:

CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide (Nov 2021)– Specifies that Media Protection (MP) at Level 1 applies only to assets that process, store, or transmit FCI.

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide– Definesadequate evidenceas documentation that completely and clearly supports the implementation of a required security practice.

FAR 52.204-21– The source of the Level 1 requirements, which includessanitization and destruction of media containing FCI.

Final Justification:

The CCP’s statement that the evidence"fully reflects the performance of the practice"aligns with the definition ofadequate evidenceunder CMMC. Since adequacy is the key standard used before final compliance decisions are made, the correct answer isB. Adequate.

The Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO) enters into a contractual relationship with the OSC. As part of that contract, the C3PAO maintains a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) to protect sensitive and proprietary information reviewed during the assessment.

Supporting Extracts from Official Content:

CAP v2.0, Roles and Responsibilities (§2.8): “The C3PAO maintains a non-disclosure agreement with the OSC to protect all sensitive information disclosed during the assessment.”

Why Option B is Correct:

Only the C3PAO contracts directly with the OSC and is bound to protect assessment data.

NIST, The Cyber AB (formerly CMMC-AB), and OUSD A & S do not enter NDAs directly with OSCs.

References (Official CMMC v2.0 Content):

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v2.0, Section on OSC–C3PAO agreements.

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