Pass the Amazon Web Services AWS Certified Associate SAA-C03 Questions and answers with CertsForce

This solution usesCloudFrontto serve the website securely over HTTPS usingAWS Certificate Manager (ACM)for SSL certificates.Origin Access Control (OAC)ensures that only CloudFront can access the S3 bucket directly.AWS WAFwith an IP set rule restricts access to the website, allowing only the on-premises IP address.Route 53is used to create an alias record pointing to the CloudFront distribution. This setup ensures secure, private access to the website with low administrative overhead.

Option A and B: S3 bucket policies and access points do not provide HTTPS support, nor do they offer the same level of security as CloudFront with WAF.

Option D: Signed URLs are more suitable for temporary, expiring access rather than a permanent solution for on-premises employees.

AWS References:

Amazon CloudFront with Origin Access Control

To ensure high availability and scalability, the web application should run in anAuto Scaling groupacross two Availability Zones behind anApplication Load Balancer (ALB). The database should be migrated toAmazon RDSwithMulti-AZ deployment, which ensures fault tolerance and automatic failover in case of an AZ failure. This setup minimizes administrative overhead while meeting the company's requirements for high availability and scalability.

Option A: Read replicas are typically used for scaling read operations, and Multi-AZ provides better availability for a transactional database.

Option B: Replicating across AWS Regions adds unnecessary complexity for a single web application.

Option D: EC2 instances across three Availability Zones add unnecessary complexity for this scenario.

AWS References:

Auto Scaling Groups

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ

AWS Shield Advanced is designed to provide enhanced protection against DDoS attacks with proactive engagement and response capabilities, making it the best solution for this scenario.

AWS Shield Advanced: This service provides advanced protection against DDoS attacks. It includes detailed attack diagnostics, 24/7 access to the AWS DDoS Response Team (DRT), and financial protection against DDoS-related scaling charges. Shield Advanced also integrates with Route 53 and the Application Load Balancer (ALB) to ensure comprehensive protection for your web applications.

Route 53 and ALB Protection: By adding your Route 53 hosted zones and ALB resources to AWS Shield Advanced, you ensure that these components are covered under the enhanced protection plan. Shield Advanced actively monitors traffic and provides real-time attack mitigation, minimizing the impact of DDoS attacks on your application.

Why Not Other Options?:

Option A (AWS Config): AWS Config is a configuration management service and does not provide DDoS protection or detection capabilities.

Option B (AWS WAF): While AWS WAF can help mitigate some types of attacks, it does not provide the comprehensive DDoS protection and proactive engagement offered by Shield Advanced.

Option C (GuardDuty): GuardDuty is a threat detection service that identifies potentially malicious activity within your AWS environment, but it is not specifically designed to provide DDoS protection.

AWS References:

AWS Shield Advanced- Overview of AWS Shield Advanced and its DDoS protection capabilities.

Integrating AWS Shield Advanced with Route 53 and ALB- Detailed guidance on how to protect Route 53 and ALB with AWS Shield Advanced.

Cluster Placement Group: This type of placement group is designed to provide low-latency network performance and high throughput by grouping instances within a single Availability Zone. It is ideal for applications that require tightly coupled node-to-node communication.

Configuration:

When launching EC2 instances, specify the option to launch them in a cluster placement group.

This ensures that the instances are physically located close to each other, reducing latency and increasing network throughput.

Benefits:

Low-Latency Communication: Instances in a cluster placement group benefit from enhanced networking capabilities, enabling low-latency communication.

High Network Throughput: The network performance within a cluster placement group is optimized for high throughput, which is essential for HPC workloads.

These answers are correct because they meet the requirements of creating written sentiment analysis reports from the customer service call recordings in any language and translating them into English. Amazon Transcribe is a service that uses advanced machine learning technologies to recognize speech in audio files and transcribe them into text. You can use Amazon Transcribe to convert the audio recordings in any language into text, and specify the language code of the source audio. Amazon Translate is a neural machine translation service that delivers fast, high-quality, and affordable language translation. You can use Amazon Translate to translate text in any language to English, and specify the source and target language codes. Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing (NLP) service that uses machine learning to find insights and relationships in text. You can use Amazon Comprehend to create the sentiment analysis reports, which determine if the text is positive, negative, neutral, or mixed.

https://aws.amazon.com/rds/aurora/serverless/

https://aws.amazon.com/rds/aurora/global-database/

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/using-amazon-aurora-global-database-for-low-latency-without-application-changes/

AWS Fargate is a technology that you can use with Amazon ECS to run containers without having to manage servers or clusters of Amazon EC2 instances. With Fargate, you no longer have to provision, configure, or scale clusters of virtual machines to run containers.https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/userguide/what-is-fargate.html

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/manage-fine-grained-access-control-using-aws-lake-formation/

Amazon S3 Glacier is a storage class that provides secure, durable, and extremely low-cost storage for data archiving and long-term backup. It is designed for data that is rarelyaccessed and for which retrieval times of severalhours are suitable1. By storing the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier, the solution can minimize costs.

Amazon S3 Glacier offers three options for data retrieval: Expedited, Standard, and Bulk. Expedited retrievals typically return data in 1–5 minutes and are suitable for Active Archiveuse cases. Standard retrievals typically complete within 3–5 hours and are suitable for less urgent needs. Bulk retrievals typically complete within 5–12 hours and are the lowest-cost retrieval option2. By using Expedited retrievals, the solution can meet the requirement of restoring the files in a maximum of five minutes.

B. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier and use Standard retrievals. This solution will not meet the requirement of restoring the files in a maximum of five minutes, as Standard retrievals typically complete within 3–5 hours.

C. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA). This solution will not meet the requirement of minimizing costs, as S3 Standard-IA is a storage class that provides low-cost storage for data that is accessed less frequently but requires rapid access when needed. It has a higher storage cost than S3 Glacier.

D. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA). This solution will not meet the requirement of minimizing costs, as S3 One Zone-IA is a storage class that provides low-cost storage for data that is accessed less frequently but requires rapid access when needed. It has a higher storage cost than S3 Glacier.

Reference URL: https://aws.amazon.com/s3/glacier/

Service Control Policies (SCP): SCPs are an integral part of AWS Organizations and allow you to set fine-grained permissions on the organizational units (OUs) within your AWS Organization. SCPs provide central control over the maximum permissions that can be granted to member accounts, including the root user. Denying Access to Billing Information: By creating an SCP and attaching it to the root OU, you can explicitly deny access to billing information for all accounts within the organization. SCPs can be used to restrict access to various AWS services and actions, including billing-related services. Granular Control: SCPs enable you to define specific permissions and restrictions at the organizational unit level. By denying access to billing information at the root OU, you can ensure that no member accounts, including root users, have access to the billing information.

B and E are the correct answers because they allow the solutions architect to ensure that API calls to Amazon DynamoDB from Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC do not travel across the internet. By creating a gateway endpoint for DynamoDB, the solutions architect can enable private connectivity between the VPC and DynamoDB. By creating a security group entry in the endpoint’s security group to provide access, the solutions architect can control which EC2 instances can communicate with DynamoDB through the endpoint. References:

Gateway Endpoints

Controlling Access to Services with VPC Endpoints

An Application Load Balancer is a type of Elastic Load Balancer that operates at the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model. It can distribute incoming traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, IP addresses, and Lambda functions. It can also route requests based on the content of the request, such as the host name, path, or query parameters1.

The AWS Load Balancer Controller is a controller that helps you manage Elastic Load Balancers for your Kubernetes cluster. It can provision Application Load Balancers or Network Load Balancers when you create Kubernetes Ingress or Service resources2.

By using the AWS Load Balancer Controller to provision an Application Load Balancer for your Amazon EKS cluster, you can achieve the following benefits:

You can route incoming requests to the appropriate microservices based on the rules you define in your Ingress resource. For example, you can route requests with different host names or paths to different microservices that handle customers and orders2.

You can improve the performance and availability of your container applications by distributing the load across multiple targets and enabling health checks and automatic scaling1.

You can reduce the cost and complexity of managing your load balancers by using a single controller that integrates with Amazon EKS and Kubernetes. You do not need to manually create or configure load balancers or update them when your cluster changes2.

Deny the request from the first entry at the public subnet, dont allow it to cross and get to the private subnet.

In this scenario, the security audit reveals that the application is receiving millions of illegitimate requests from a small number of IP addresses. To address this issue, it is recommended to modify the network ACL (Access Control List) for the web tier subnets. By adding an inbound deny rule specifically targeting the IP addresses that are consuming resources, the network ACL can block the illegitimate traffic at the subnet level before it reaches the web servers. This will help alleviate the excessive load on the web tier and improve the application's performance.

https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/dynamodb-high-latency/

Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) is a fully managed in-memory cache for DynamoDB that improves the performance of DynamoDB tables by up to 10 times and provides microsecond level of response time at any scale. It is compatible with DynamoDB API operations and requiresminimal code changes to use1. By configuring DAX for the new messages table, the solution can reduce the latency for reading new messages with minimal application changes.

B. Add DynamoDB read repticas to handle the increased read load. Update the application to point to the read endpoint for the read replicas. This solution will not work, as DynamoDB does not support read replicas as a feature. Read replicas are available for Amazon RDS, not for DynamoDB2.

C. Double the number of read capacity units for the new messages table in DynamoDB. Continue to use the existing DynamoDB endpoint. This solution will not meet the requirement ofreading new messages with aslittle latency as possible, as increasing the read capacity units will only increase the throughput of DynamoDB, not the performance or latency3.

D. Add an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cache to the application stack. Update the application to point to the Redis cache endpoint instead of DynamoDB. This solution will not meet the requirement of minimal application changes, as adding ElastiCache for Redis will require significant code changes to implement caching logic, such as querying cache first, updating cache after writing to DynamoDB, and invalidating cache when needed.

Reference URL: https://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/dax/

AWSCost Anomaly Detection allows you to create monitors that track the cost and usage of your AWS resources and alert you when there is an unusual spending pattern. You can create monitors based on different dimensions, such as AWS services, accounts, tags, or cost categories. You can also create alert subscriptions that notify you by email or Amazon SNS when an anomaly is detected. You can specify the threshold and frequency of the alerts, and choose to receive weekly summaries of your anomalies.

Reference URLs:

1 https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/aws-cost-anomaly-detection/

2 https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cost-management/latest/userguide/getting-started-ad.html

3 https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cost-management/latest/userguide/manage-ad.html

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/monitor-ami-events.html#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20you%20can%20create%20an%20EventBridge%20rule%20that%20detects%20when%20the%20AMI%20creation%20process%20has%20completed%20and%20then%20invokes%20an%20Amazon%20SNS%20topic%20to%20send%20an%20email%20notification%20to%20you.

To back up EC2 instances and RDS DB instances in a separate Region with the least operational overhead, AWS Backup is a simple and cost-effective solution. AWS Backup can copy EC2 backups and RDS backups to another Region automatically and securely. AWS Backup also supports backup policies, retention rules, and monitoring features.

An Auto Scaling group is a collection of EC2 instances that share similar characteristics and can be scaled in or out automatically based on demand. An Auto Scaling group can be placed behind an Application Load Balancer, which is a type of Elastic Load Balancing load balancer that distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets in multiple Availability Zones. This solution will improve the resiliency of the web tier by providing high availability, scalability, and fault tolerance. An Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment is a configuration that automatically creates a primary database instance and synchronously replicates the data to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone. When a failure occurs, Amazon RDS automatically fails over to the standby instance without manual intervention. This solution will improve the resiliency of the database tier by providing data redundancy, backup support, and availability. This combination of steps will meet the requirements with minimal changes to the application during the migration.