Successfully resolv to server1.example.com where your DNS server is 172.24.254.254
Answer and Explanation:
vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.24.254.254
host server1.example.com
On every clients, DNS server is specified in /etc/resolv.conf. When you request by name it tries to resolv from DNS server .
The System you are using is for NFS (Network File Services). Some important data are shared from your system. Make automatically start the nfs and portmap services at boot time.
Answer and Explanation:
We can control the services for current session and for next boot time also. For current Session, we use service servicename start or restart or stop or status. For automatically on next reboot time:
chkconfig servicename on or off
eg: chkconfig nfs on
chkconfig portmap on
or
ntsysv
Select the nfs and portmap services.
Reboot the system and identify whether services are running or not.
You are new System Administrator and from now you are going to handle the system and your main task is Network monitoring, Backup and Restore. But you don’t know the root password. Change the root password to redhat and login in default Runlevel.
Answer and Explanation:
When you Boot the System, it starts on default Runlevel specified in /etc/inittab:
Id:?:initdefault:
When System Successfully boot, it will ask for username and password. But you don’t know the root’s password. To change the root password you need to boot the system into single user mode. You can pass the kernel arguments from the boot loader.
Restart the System.
You will get the boot loader GRUB screen.
Press a and type 1 or s for single mode
ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb queit s
System will boot on Single User mode.
Use passwd command to change.
Press ctrl+d
Quota is implemented on /data but not working properly. Find out the
Problem and implement the quota to user1 to have a soft limit 60 inodes
(files) and hard limit of 70 inodes (files).
Answer and Explanation:
Quotas are used to limit a user's or a group of users' ability to consume disk space. This prevents a small group of users from monopolizing disk capacity and potentially interfering with other users or the entire system. Disk quotas are commonly used by ISPs, by Web hosting companies, on FTP sites, and on corporate file servers to ensure continued availability of their systems.
Without quotas, one or more users can upload files on an FTP server to the point of filling a filesystem. Once the affected partition is full, other users are effectively denied upload access to the disk. This is also a reason to mount different filesystem directories on different partitions. For example, if you only had partitions for your root (/) directory and swap space, someone uploading to your computer could fill up all of the space in your root directory (/). Without at least a little free space in the root directory (/), your system could become unstable or even crash.
You have two ways to set quotas for users. You can limit users by inodes or by kilobyte-sized disk blocks. Every Linux file requires an inode. Therefore, you can limit users by the number of files or by absolute space. You can set up different quotas for different filesystems. For example, you can set different quotas for users on the /home and /tmp directories if they are mounted on their own partitions.
Limits on disk blocks restrict the amount of disk space available to a user on your system. Older versions of Red Hat Linux included LinuxConf, which included a graphical tool to configure quotas. As of this writing, Red Hat no longer has a graphical quota configuration tool. Today, you can configure quotas on RHEL only through the command line interface.
1. vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda11/data ext3defaults,usrquota 1 2
2. Either Reboot the System or remount the partition.
Mount –o remount /dev/hda11 /data
3. touch /data/aquota.user
4. quotacheck –ufm /data
5. quotaon -u /data
6. edquota –u user1 /data
and Specified the Soft limit and hard limit on opened file.
To verify either quota is working or not:
Soft limit specify the limit to generate warnings to users and hard limit can’t cross by the user. Use the quota command or repquota command to monitor the quota information.
You are giving RHCT Exam and in your Exam paper there is a question written, make successfully ping to 192.168.0.254.
Answer and Explanation:
In Network problem think to check:
IP Configuration: use ifconfig command either IP is assigned to interface or not?
Default Gateway is set or not?
Hostname is set or not?
Routing problem is there?
Device Driver Module is loaded or not?
Device is activated or not?
Check In this way:
use ifconfig command and identify which IP is assigned or not.
cat /etc/sysconfig/networkWhat, What is written here. Actually here are these parameters.
NETWORKING=yes or no
GATEWAY=x.x.x.x
HOSTNAME=?
NISDOMAIN=?
Correct the file
Use netconfig command
Either Select Automatically from DHCP or assign the static IP
Use service network restart or start command
Now try to ping it will work.
Your system is giving error while booting on Runlevel 5 . Make successfully boot your system in runlevel 5.
Answer and Explanation: While you load the X Window System, you will get the problem. To troubleshoot follow the following steps:
1.Check the /tmp is full ?
2.Check your quota, hard limit is already crossed ?
3.Check xfs service is running ?
4.Configure the Video card, Resolution, monitor type using: system-config-display (Most Probably in Redhat exam)
5.Edit the /etc/inittab to set default runlevel 5.
id:5:initdefault:
You are a System administrator. Using Log files very easy to monitor the system. Now there are 50 servers running as Mail, Web, Proxy, DNS services etc. You want to centralize the logs from all servers into on LOG Server. How will you configure the LOG Server to accept logs from remote host ?
Answer and Explanation:
By Default system accept the logs only generated from local host. To accept the Log from other host configure:
vi /etc/sysconfig/syslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0 -r"
Where
-m 0 disables 'MARK' messages.
-r enables logging from remote machines
-x disables DNS lookups on messages recieved with -r
service syslog restart
Make a swap partition having 100MB. Make Automatically Usable at System Boot Time.
Answer and Explanation:
1.Use fdisk /dev/hda To create new partition.
Type nFor New partition
It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
Type the Size: +100MYou can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name. Default System ID is 83 that means Linux Native.
Type t to change the System ID of partition.
Type Partition Number
Type 82 that means Linux Swap.
Press w to write on partitions table.
Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
mkswap /dev/hda?To create Swap File system on partition.
swapon /dev/hda?To enable the Swap space from partition.
free –mVerify Either Swap is enabled or not.
vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda? swapswapdefaults 0 0
Reboot the System and verify that swap is automatically enabled or not.
Dig Server1.example.com, Resolve to successfully through DNS Where DNS server is 172.24.254.254
Answer and Explanation:
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.24.254.254
# dig server1.example.com
#host server1.example.com
DNS is the Domain Name System, which maintains a database that can help your computer translate domain names such as www.redhat.com to IP addresses such as 216.148.218.197. As no individual DNS server is large enough to keep a database for the entire Internet, they can refer requests to other DNS servers.
DNS is based on the named daemon, which is built on the BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) package developed through the Internet Software Consortium
Users wants to access by name so DNS will interpret the name into ip address. You need to specify the Address if DNS server in each and every client machine. In Redhat Enterprise Linux, you need to specify the DNS server into /etc/resolv.conf file.
After Specifying the DNS server address, you can verify using host, dig and nslookup commands.
You Completely Install the Redhat Enterprise Linux ES 4 on your System. While start the system, it’s giving error to load X window System. How will you fix that problem and make boot successfully run X Window System.
Answer and Explanation:
Think while Problems occurred on booting System on Runlevel 5 (X Window).
/tmp is full or not
Quota is already reached
Video card or resolution or monitor is misconfigured.
xfs service is running or not.
Do These:
1.df –h /tmp /tmp is full remove the unnecessary file
quota usernameif quota is already reached remove unnecessary file from home directory.
Boot the System in runlevel 3.you can pass the Kernel Argument from boot loader.
Use command: system-config-displayIt will display a dialog to configure the monitor, Video card, resolution etc.
Set the Default Runlevel 5 in /etc/inittab
id:5:initdefault:
6.Reboot the System you will get the GUI login Screen.
