Pass the Huawei HCIP Transmission H31-341_V2.5 Questions and answers with CertsForce

A VOA (Variable Optical Attenuator) is configured on each wavelength path of a WSS (Wavelength Selective Switch) board to adjust the power of optical signals. This power adjustment is crucial to achieve flatness across channels by compensating for varying signal intensities. Without such adjustment, some wavelengths may overpower others, causing nonlinear effects and signal degradation. The VOA ensures that all wavelength channels have balanced power levels, improving signal quality and network reliability. This principle is fundamental in dense WDM networks and is emphasized in HCIP-Transmission studies focusing on optical layer signal integrity and amplification management.

The statement that the OA gain can be reduced when expanding 100G channels in a 10G system to meet incident optical power requirements is false. In fact, the single wavelength incident optical power of a 100G system is higher than that of a 10G system, and gain adjustment needs to ensure the 100G channels meet their power requirements without degradation. Reducing OA gain indiscriminately could cause insufficient amplification for 100G signals, impairing performance. HCIP-Transmission specifies careful power management and gain setting to balance multi-rate systems during hybrid transmission expansion.

The statement that signal flow analysis divides the entire network into OMSs (Optical Multiplex Sections) and identifies fault directionality is false. While signal flow analysis does help in locating faults, it is typically performed within a specific OMS or section rather than dividing the entire network at once. OMS segmentation is a physical or logical division, but signal flow analysis focuses on detailed fault location along signal paths rather than large-scale network segmentation. HCIP-Transmission clarifies these nuances to improve fault management precision.

It is false that output optical power of a site must be as high as possible to ensure signals reach the peer site. Excessively high output power can cause nonlinear effects, such as four-wave mixing and self-phase modulation, degrading signal quality. Optimal power levels must be maintained within equipment specifications to balance reach and signal integrity. HCIP-Transmission stresses careful power management, including gain control and attenuation, to maximize network performance without introducing impairments.

The RDU9 board is used for demultiplexing optical signals; however, it cannot dynamically demultiplex any wavelength to any port. Dynamic demultiplexing requires advanced ROADMs or wavelength selective switches capable of flexible mapping. The RDU9 has limited fixed demultiplexing functions and does not support arbitrary wavelength-to-port assignments. Therefore, the statement that it can dynamically demultiplex any wavelength to any port is false. This aligns with HCIP-Transmission technical references highlighting the capabilities and limitations of different demultiplexing hardware modules.

Avalanche photodiode (APD) receivers are commonly used on OTU boards due to their high sensitivity. The input optical power range typically lies between -4 dBm (maximum) and around -28 dBm (minimum). Among the options, -4 dBm is within the acceptable input power range, ensuring the APD operates without saturation or damage. Optical powers too high can saturate the receiver, while too low powers cause poor signal-to-noise ratio. HCIP-Transmission specifies these ranges to ensure optimal receiver performance and avoid optical overload or underpower conditions.

To implement segmented ODUk SNCP (Subnetwork Connection Protection) in a scenario where a service traverses two tangent WDM rings sharing an electrical subrack, protection scheme SNC/S must be configured. This scheme ensures that each ring can protect the service independently from one fault. Other options either do not provide segmented protection or do not fit the topology described. HCIP-Transmission highlights these protection configurations to support fault isolation and resilience in complex WDM ring architectures.

The OTUk_LOM (Loss of Multiframe) alarm indicates a framing alignment issue and is generated when the Out Of Multiframe (OOM) state persists for at least 3 milliseconds. This rapid alarm triggering helps detect synchronization failures quickly, allowing prompt response to maintain network stability. HCIP-Transmission details this alarm behavior within OTN frame monitoring functions, highlighting the critical role of frame alignment in maintaining signal integrity across optical networks.

A single channel reporting the BEFFEC_EXC (Bit Error Forward Error Correction Excess) alarm can be caused by (D) the input optical power of an OTU board being too high or too low. Both extremes can degrade signal quality, causing excessive bit errors. Other causes such as signal attenuation, external environment issues, or faulty optical amplifiers can also impact performance but are less directly linked to BEFFEC_EXC alarms. HCIP-Transmission stresses maintaining proper optical power levels and equipment health to avoid such errors and ensure service quality.

A ROADM (Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer) site is a key component in flexible optical networks. It allows the flexible adding and dropping of wavelengths within the site (A), enhancing network agility. It supports automatic optical power adjustment (B), which helps maintain signal quality across the network by balancing power levels and avoiding distortion. Also, when optical-layer ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network) is required, ROADMs must be used (C) to provide dynamic wavelength routing and switching capabilities. However, ROADMs are not mandatory for electrical-layer ASON, so (D) is false. These features collectively enable efficient, dynamic optical networking with minimal manual intervention, critical in advanced transmission scenarios covered by HCIP-Transmission.