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A UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is a device that provides backup power to electrical equipment in case of a power outage or fluctuation. A UPS is essential for both CCTV cameras and recording equipment, as it ensures that the surveillance system can continue to operate and record without interruption or data loss. A UPS can also protect the CCTV cameras and recording equipment from damage caused by power surges or spikes. Connecting both CCTV cameras and recording equipment to a UPS is a requirement for data centres, as it enhances the security and reliability of the surveillance system.

Water sprinkler systems are designed to protect the structure of a building from fire by suppressing or extinguishing the flames with water. Water sprinkler systems are typically installed in the ceiling or walls of a building and are activated by heat or smoke detectors. Water sprinkler systems can reduce the risk of fire spreading and causing structural damage to the building.

According to the EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Preparation Guide, failure is defined as “the termination of the ability of a product to perform its required function” (page 9). Failure can occur due to various reasons, such as wear and tear, design flaws, human errors, environmental factors, or external events. Failure can affect the availability, reliability, and performance of a product, system, or service.

Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment, such as computers, servers, switches, cables, and wiring. These fires require the use of non-conductive extinguishing agents, such as carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or clean agent, to prevent electrical shock and damage to the equipment. Water-based extinguishers, such as Class A or K, are not suitable for Class C fires, as water can conduct electricity and cause electrocution or short circuits.

Data centres are essential for supporting the IT operations and applications of various businesses across different industries. Data centre downtime can have a negative impact on the business results, such as loss of revenue, customer satisfaction, productivity, reputation, and competitive advantage. According to a web search, the average cost of data centre downtime in 2020 was $8,851 per minute, and the average duration of a data centre outage was 95 minutes1. This means that a typical data centre outage could cost a business over $840,000 in direct and indirect losses1. Therefore, data centre downtime can have a significant impact on the business results, regardless of the industry or sector.

Glass door racks are a type of rack that have solid glass front doors and rear door heat exchangers (RDHx). RDHx are devices that use facility coolant to absorb heat from the exhaust air of the IT equipment and return cool air to the room. RDHx can be either passive or active, depending on the fan configuration. In general, IT hardware within the rack is air-cooled and the door heat exchanger uses facility coolant to absorb heat from exhaust air to return air to the facility at or near inlet air temperature to the rack. This rear door heat exchanger can either be a passive or active solution. When dealing with glass door racks, cool air is injected into the rack from the rear door in a downflow direction. This means that the cool air flows from the top to the bottom of the rack, following the natural convection of the hot air rising. This way, the cool air can reach all the IT equipment in the rack and prevent hot spots or overheating.

The primary reason to install a monitoring system in the data centre is to notice abnormalities early so that actions can be taken to avoid disasters, according to the CDCP Preparation Guide1 and various web sources234. A monitoring system is a system that collects and analyzes data about the power, cooling, environmental, and security conditions in the data centre, and alerts the operators or managers about any issues or threats that may affect the performance, availability, or reliability of the data centre. A monitoring system can help to prevent or minimize the impact of disasters, such as power outages, fire, water damage, overheating, equipment failure, or cyberattacks, by providing timely and accurate information that enables fast and corrective action. A monitoring system can also help to improve the energy efficiency, capacity planning, and asset management of the data centre, by providing useful insights and trends that support informed decision making.

The last stage in stages of combustion is flaming fire, which occurs when the fuel vapors and oxygen are mixed in the right proportion and ignited by a flame or a spark. Flaming fire is characterized by visible flames, intense heat, and rapid oxidation. Flaming fire can cause severe damage to the data center equipment, personnel, and business continuity. Therefore, it is important to prevent or suppress flaming fire as soon as possible using appropriate fire detection and suppression systems.

According to the EPI Data Centre Operations Standard (DCOS), exit/emergency signs should be located at every escape door and pathways leading to doors (arrows) to ensure a safe and quick evacuation in case of an emergency1. This is also consistent with the best practices for data centre emergency preparedness and response, which recommend having a clear and visible signage system for emergency exits23.

A computer room air handling unit (CRAH) is a device that uses circulating chilled water to remove heat from the data center environment. A CRAH consists of a fan, a coil, and a filter. The fan draws the warm air from the data center and passes it through the coil, where the heat is transferred to the chilled water. The chilled water is supplied by a chiller or a cooling tower, and the cooled air is returned to the data center. A CRAH is different from a computer room air conditioning unit (CRAC), which uses a refrigerant instead of chilled water to cool the air.