1.Translates human-friendly aliases into IP addresses: DNS serves as the “phone book” of the internet, converting user-friendly domain names (like www.example.com) into numerical IP addresses (such as 192.0.2.1) that computers and network devices use to locate one another on the internet12.
2.Stores IP addresses and aliases in a table on the server: DNS servers maintain records that map domain names to corresponding IP addresses. These records are stored in distributed databases across various DNS servers, ensuring efficient and reliable resolution of domain names1.
References
1.GeeksforGeeks: What is Domain Name System (DNS)?
2.Cloudflare: What is DNS? How DNS works
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