A business exception in UiPath Orchestrator (and in general UiPath automation design) represents an error or exception that occurs because of a business rule or incorrect/missing data, not because of technical issues.

For example: if an invoice’s customer ID is missing, that’s a business exception because the process can’t continue without it.

From UiPath’s REFramework documentation:

“A Business Rule Exception is an error that occurs when the data or rules of the business process are not met, such as missing fields, invalid data, or unmet process conditions.”