SAPUI5 apps are web applications that use the SAPUI5 framework to create user interfaces for SAP business applications. SAPUI5 apps can be integrated into the SAP Fiori Launchpad, which is a shell that hosts SAP Fiori apps and provides them with services such as navigation, personalization, embedded support, and application configuration1.

To implement SAPUI5 apps in the SAP Fiori Launchpad, two mandatory elements are catalogs and tile groups.

Catalogs are collections of tiles and target mappings that define the SAPUI5 apps that can be launched from the SAP Fiori Launchpad. Tiles are the entry points to the SAPUI5 apps, and target mappings define the semantic objects and actions that are used to navigate to the SAPUI5 apps. Catalogs are created and maintained by administrators in the SAP Fiori Launchpad Designer.

Tile groups are collections of tiles that are displayed on the SAP Fiori Launchpad home page. Tile groups are created and maintained by end users or administrators in the SAP Fiori Launchpad. Tile groups allow users to organize and access the SAPUI5 apps that are relevant for their roles and tasks.

The other options are incorrect because:

Web Dynpro Apps are web applications that use the Web Dynpro framework to create user interfaces for SAP business applications. Web Dynpro Apps are not SAPUI5 apps, and they require a different integration approach to be launched from the SAP Fiori Launchpad.

Transactions are executable programs in the SAP system that perform specific business functions, such as creating a sales order or posting a goods receipt. Transactions are not SAPUI5 apps, and they require a different integration approach to be launched from the SAP Fiori Launchpad.

References: 1: SAPUI5 - Overview - Tutorialspoint : SAP Fiori Launchpad - SAP Help Portal : Integrating Web Dynpro ABAP Applications into the SAP Fiori Launchpad - SAP Help Portal : Integrating SAP GUI for HTML (WebGUI) Applications into the SAP Fiori Launchpad - SAP Help Portal