The P3O® Foundation (2013) manual indicates that recognition of the need for change is essential for securing P3O investment. Section 4.2.2 states, "Investment in a P3O requires recognition of the need for change to justify the business case and gain senior management support." This differs from assurance independence (A), portfolio definition (B), or secretariat services (C), which are operational aspects. The 2013 edition emphasizes this recognition as the foundation for funding approval, ensuring strategic alignment. This drives organizational commitment to the P3O model.