Short-range wireless:
● Adaptive Network Technology+ (ANT+): ANT+ is a proprietary multicast wireless sensor
network technology primarily used in personal wearables, such as sports and fitness sensors.
● Bluetooth/Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE): Bluetooth is a low-power, short-range
communications technology primarily designed for point-to-point communications between wireless devices in a hub-and-spoke topology. BLE (also known as Bluetooth Smart or Bluetooth 4.0+) devices consume significantly less power than Bluetooth devices and can access the internet directly through 6LoWPAN connectivity.
● Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks
(6LoWPAN): 6LoWPAN allows IPv6 traffic to be carried over low-power wireless mesh
networks. 6LoWPAN is designed for nodes and applications that require wireless internet
connectivity at relatively low data rates in small form factors, such as smart light bulbs
and smart meters.
● Wi-Fi/802.11: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) defines the 802
LAN protocol standards. 802.11 is the set of standards used for Wi-Fi networks typically
operating in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands. The most common implementations
today include:
‒ 802.11n (labeled Wi-Fi 4 by the Wi-Fi Alliance), which operates on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
bands at ranges from 54Mbps to 600Mbps
‒ 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5), which operates on the 5GHz band at ranges from 433Mbps to 3.46
Gbps
‒ 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6), which operates on the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands (and all bands between 1 and 6GHz, when they become available for 802.11 use) at ranges up to 11Gbps
● Z-Wave: Z-Wave is a low-energy wireless mesh network protocol primarily used for home
automation applications such as smart appliances, lighting control, security systems,
smart thermostats, windows and locks, and garage doors.
● Zigbee/802.14: Zigbee is a low-cost, low-power wireless mesh network protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Zigbee is the dominant protocol in the low-power networking market, with a large installed base in industrial environments and smart home products.
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