Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In Oracle Utilities Customer to Meter,measuring componentsare defined as points that capture and store measurement data, such as meter readings. Measuring components are categorized as eithersubtractiveorconsumptive, based on how usage is calculated. The Oracle Utilities Customer to Meter documentation clarifies that:

Asubtractive measuring componentcalculates usage by subtracting the previous reading from the current reading. This is typical for meters that accumulate readings over time, such as water or electric meters.

Aconsumptive measuring componentcalculates usage based on the current measurement alone, without reference to a previous reading. This is common for devices that measure instantaneous or direct consumption, such as certain gas meters.

Option A accurately describes these definitions, making it the correct answer. The other options are incorrect:

Option Bis incorrect because subtractive and consumptive measuring components are not restricted to specific service types (e.g., water, gas, or electric). Both types can apply across various services depending on the meter configuration.

Option Cis incorrect because subtractive components measure consumption (not demand), and consumptive components do not necessarily measure consumption since the previous reading but rather the current measurement.

Option Dis incorrect because the term "deductive meters" is not used in Oracle Utilities documentation, and the distinction between subtractive and consumptive components is based on calculation logic, not meter types.