Test analysis and design is the activity in the fundamental test process that includes identifying necessary test data. Test data are the inputs that are used to execute the test cases and verify the expected results2 defines this activity as follows:

Test analysis and design has the following major tasks:

Reviewing the test basis (such as requirements, risk analysis reports, design documents or code).

Identifying test conditions based on analysis of test items, specifications, behavior and structure of the software.

Designing high-level test cases based on test conditions and designing techniques.

Evaluating testability of requirements and system under test.

Defining exit criteria.

Evaluating exit criteria and reporting (A) is part of the test closure activities, where the results of testing are evaluated against the defined objectives. Test implementation and execution (B) is where the test cases are executed using the identified test data and deviations from expected results are documented. Test planning and control © is where the overall approach and resources for testing are defined and monitored.