MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a tunneling technology that enables fast, efficient data forwarding based on labels rather than traditional IP routing. It providesconnection-orientedforwarding using label-switched paths (LSPs), ensuring reliableQuality of Service (QoS).

(A) True– MPLS is connection-oriented and enhances QoS by predefining LSPs through traffic engineering.

(B) True– MPLS useslabel switching, eliminating the need for IP lookups at each hop, significantly improving forwarding efficiency.

(C) False– MPLS is not connectionless; rather, it establishes virtual circuits (LSPs) for traffic. It providesend-to-end QoSthrough traffic prioritization.

(D) True– Labels in MPLS can be eithermanually assignedordynamically allocatedusing protocols likeLDP (Label Distribution Protocol)orRSVP-TE.