In disaster recovery planning, a business impact analysis (BIA) focuses primarily on identifying critical functions (A). At the SPHR level, the BIA is used to determine which operations are essential to organizational survival and how disruptions affect business continuity.

Identifying critical functions allows organizations to prioritize recovery efforts, allocate resources effectively, and establish recovery time objectives. HR plays a key role in identifying people-dependent processes and ensuring staffing continuity for essential operations.

Employee headcount (B), property inventories (C), and insurance coverage (D) are important considerations but are addressed in later planning stages. The BIA specifically concentrates on operational impact, dependencies, and tolerance for downtime.

SPHR exam content emphasizes that effective crisis and continuity planning begins with understanding what must be restored first to sustain the organization.

References :

HRCI SPHR Exam Content Outline — Functional Area: Leadership and Strategy (risk management; business continuity).

HRCI SPHR Study Guide — Business impact analysis fundamentals.

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