Establish redundant links between the aggregation and core layers:When using Layer 3 routing between network layers (like Aggregation and Core),ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path)allows the routing protocol (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to utilize multiple links simultaneously if they have the same routing cost. This provides both redundancy (if one link fails, traffic uses the others) and load sharing across the links.
[References:AOS-CX IP Routing Guide (OSPF, BGP, ECMP). Relates to "Routing" (16%), "Network Resiliency and virtualization" (8%)., Extend layer 2 across multiple sites:VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN)is the overlay technology specifically designed for this purpose. It encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames within UDP packets, allowing them to be tunneled across an underlying Layer 3 network infrastructure, effectively stretching Layer 2 domains (VLANs) between physically separate locations., References:AOS-CX VXLAN Guide.Relates to "Switching" (19%), "Connectivity" (9%)., Identify individual layer 2 segments in an overlay:Inside the VXLAN header, theVNI (VXLAN Network Identifier)serves as the segment identifier. Each unique Layer 2 segment (like a specific VLAN being extended) is mapped to a unique 24-bit VNI, allowing the overlay network to differentiate between traffic belonging to different L2 domains, even when tunneled between the same VTEPs (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints)., References:AOS-CX VXLAN Guide, RFC 7348 (VXLAN).Relates to "Switching" (19%), "Connectivity" (9%)., Minimize configuration steps to establish tunnels between sites:While VXLAN provides the data plane encapsulation,EVPN (Ethernet VPN)acts as the modern control plane for VXLAN overlays. Using MP-BGP extensions, EVPN dynamically discovers VTEPs and advertises MAC address and IP reachability information. This significantly reduces configuration complexity compared to older static VXLAN or flood-and-learn methods, as VTEP peer relationships and endpoint learning are automated by the control plane, thus minimizing manual steps to establish connectivity., References:AOS-CX EVPN Guide.Relates to "Routing" (16%), "Switching" (19%), "Connectivity" (9%)., , ]
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