The BigQuery Data Viewer role allows users to read data and metadata from tables and views, but not to modify or delete them. By giving analysts this role on the shared dataset, you canensure that they can access the data for analysis, but not change it. The BigQuery Data Editor role allows users to create, update, and delete tables and views, as well as read and write data. By giving analysts this role at the dataset level for their assigned dataset, you can provide them with individual workspaces where they can store their own tables and views, without affecting the shared dataset or other analysts’ datasets. This way, you can achieve both data protection and data isolation for your team. References:

BigQuery IAM roles and permissions

Basic roles and permissions