The practices described—access management, defense in depth, minimizing third-party dependencies, and securing weak links—are all architectural and design-level decisions. These controls are not merely coding techniques or configuration defaults but reflect security being embedded into the system’s blueprint from the earliest stages. This aligns directly with theSecure by Designprinciple, which emphasizes proactively designing systems to resist attacks rather than reacting to vulnerabilities later. Secure by implementation focuses on writing correct and safe code, secure by default focuses on initial configuration settings, and secure by communication addresses trust and confidentiality in communication channels. Orange International’s approach demonstrates a holistic security mindset that anticipates threats and integrates protective measures throughout the system architecture, making Secure by Design the correct choice.

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