Which of the following file systems is developed by Apple to support Mac OS in its proprietary Macintosh system and replace the Macintosh File System (MFS)?
Apple’s original Macintosh computers initially usedMFS (Macintosh File System), which had important limitations, including a relatively flat directory model and constraints that became problematic as storage sizes and file organization needs grew. To address these limitations, Apple introducedHFS (Hierarchical File System)—explicitly designed to replace MFS and provide a truehierarchical directory structure(folders within folders), improved metadata handling, and better scalability for the Macintosh platform. From a digital forensics perspective, this historical transition matters because examiners may encounter legacy Macintosh media or disk images where understanding the file system family helps interpret catalog structures, allocation behavior, and metadata artifacts.
The other options do not fit the “replace MFS” requirement.NTFSis Microsoft’s Windows file system.APFS (Apple File System)is Apple’s modern file system introduced much later (primarily for SSDs, with features like snapshots and strong encryption support) and it replaced HFS+ in newer macOS versions—not MFS.Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)is a UNIX/Linux directory layout standard, not a Macintosh disk file system. Therefore, the Apple-developed file system that replaced MFS isHierarchical File System (HFS), which corresponds toOption D.
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