Access policies are a critical component of security frameworks that specify and enforce the permitted actions that users or systems can perform on resources, such as files, applications, or services. These policies help ensure that only authorized individuals or systems have access to certain resources and that they can only perform authorized actions, such as reading, writing, or modifying the resources. Access policies are fundamental in managing security and preventing unauthorized access, misuse, or attacks.

Access policies encrypt sensitive data is incorrect because encryption of sensitive data is typically handled by encryption policies, not access policies. Access policies determine where data can be stored is more related to data management policies rather than access control. Access policies scan systems for malware is related to security measures such as antivirus or anti-malware tools, not the scope of access control policies.