The STEEPLED analysis tool examines external macro-environmental factors: Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, Legal, Ethical, and Demographic. The L5M5 study guide (p.55) confirms that “D” stands for Demographic, reflecting population trends, age structures, and workforce availability. This addition evolved from the earlier PESTLE model, later extended to STEEPLE and STEEPLED. Procurement professionals use this tool to assess external risks and opportunities that may affect supply markets and ethical sourcing.
???? Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.55
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