Lateral resolution refers to the ability to distinguish two structures that are side by side. It is dependent on the width of the ultrasound beam. By decreasing the depth of field, the beam width is reduced at any given point along the depth, which improves the lateral resolution. This is because a narrower beam can better distinguish between objects that are close together laterally.
ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation guidelines
Kremkau, F. W. (2015). Diagnostic Ultrasound: Principles and Instruments.
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