Demetrius Farrell, age 82, is suffering from a terminal illness and has consulted his health plan about the care options available to him. In order to avoid unwanted, futile interventions, Mr. Farrell signed an advance directive that indicates the types of end-of-life medical treatment he wants to receive. His family is to use this document as a guide should Mr. Farrell become incapacitated.

The document that Mr. Farrell is using to communicate his end-of-life healthcare wishes to his family is known as a