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Many cloud providers offer default encryption for data at rest, which is typically enabled automatically for data stored within the cloud. In these cases, the encryption is often done using the cloud provider's keys as part of the provider’s security infrastructure, and it is usually provided at no additional cost to the customer. This ensures that data is protected while at rest, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.

The CSA STAR Registry provides transparency by listing security and privacy controls of CSPs, helping customers assess provider security. Reference: [CCSK Overview, STAR Registry]

In a cloud environment that spans multiple jurisdictions, it is crucial to understand the legal and regulatory requirements of each jurisdiction where data originates, is stored, or is processed. Different regions or countries have varying laws, regulations, and compliance standards regarding data privacy, protection, and security. Organizations must ensure they meet all applicable requirements in each jurisdiction to avoid potential legal issues, fines, and reputational damage.

Application security in the cloud must be viewed as a shared responsibility. Providers deliver basic security features, but custom configurations and additional controls are often needed to meet organizational requirements.

From CSA Security Guidance v4.0 – Domain 10: Application Security:

“Cloud consumers should not assume default security settings are sufficient. Security features provided by cloud service providers often require additional configuration and hardening. Custom security controls may be needed to address specific organizational risks and compliance needs.”

(CSA Security Guidance v4.0, Domain 10)

A key component of governance in cybersecurity is defining roles and responsibilities. Governance ensures that the right people within an organization are assigned specific duties related to security and that they are held accountable for those responsibilities. This helps establish clear lines of authority and accountability, ensuring that everyone knows what they are responsible for in terms of security practices, policies, and procedures.

While standardizing technical specifications, defining tools and technologies, and enforcing penetration testing are important elements of a cybersecurity strategy, defining roles and responsibilities is essential for overall governance to ensure that security practices are consistently followed.